Interaction between radiation field and matter in a photonic crystal

1.光子晶体的发展：1)二维(2D)空气棒型光子晶体，2)2D平板(准3D)型光子晶体，3)三维有序球体光子晶体，并研究了它们的光学性质。它们的制备顺序依次为：阵列光纤的毛细管法、AlGaAs芯层介质光波导的微机械加工技术、聚苯乙烯颗粒的辐射压力和自组织。结果，我们发现1)的PC是第一个发展起来的在近红外波长具有带隙的PC。对于2)，我们首次确定了PC板的导模，并验证了带隙的存在。我们还制作了具有线缺陷的PC，并通过实验识别了缺陷或局域模式。光与光子晶体的相互作用：1)利用亚皮秒光脉冲的飞行时间，我们发现当能带边缘为…时，群速度VG变小更接近，并观察到一个小到0.05倍c(真空中的光速)的Vg值。2)首次在2DPC上观察到激光作用。这种现象被解释为由一个小的VG引起的，这使得光和物质之间的有效相互作用长度足够长。3)实验证明，无论是由于其独特的频带色散，还是借助Umclapp过程，这种所谓的相位匹配在PC中的不同波长都很容易满足。4)通过新研制的高功率光谱仪，我们发现了缺失一行气孔的PC平板光波导具有优异的光学性能。也就是说，我们明确地识别了设计和制造的各种组件的缺陷或局域模式，并测量了这些组件的传播损耗。为未来通信用超高速平面光集成电路的研制提供了坚实的基础。较少

1. Development of photonic crystals (PCs) : We successfully developed 1) two-dimensional (2D) air-rods type PCs, 2) 2D slab (quasi- 3D) type of PCs, and 3) three- dimensional (2D) PC of ordered spheres, and revealed their optical properties. Those were fabricated in this order by using the capillary method for arrayed fibers, the state-of- arts micro-machining technique for the dielectric waveguide with AlGaAs core-layer, and radiation pressure and self-organization of polystyrene particles, respectively. As a result, we find that the PC of 1) is the first one developed with a band gap at near-infrared wavelengths. Ass for 2), we have for the first time identified the guided modes and verified the existence of the band gap for PC slabs. We also fabricated PCs with line defect and identified experimentally the defect or local modes.2. Interaction between light and PC : 1) Using time-of-flight of sub-picosecond light pulse we find that the group-velocity vg is smaller as the band edge is … More approached, and have observed a vg-value as small as 0.05 times c (light velocity in vacuum). 2) We observed for the first time laser action in a 2D PC. This phenomenon is interpreted as arising from a small vg, which makes the effective interaction length between light and matter long enough. 3) We experimentally demonstrated that the so-called phase- matching is easily satisfied at various wavelengths in a PC, either due to its unique band dispersion, or with help of Umclapp process. 4) We have revealed, by developing newly a powerful spectrometer, that PC-slab-based waveguides with a line of air-holes missing show distinguished optical properties. Namely, we identified unambiguously the defect or local modes for a variety of components designed and fabricated, such as abruptly-bent ones, Y-splitter, and directional coupler, and also measured propagation loss of those. As a result, we have provided a firm basis for developing ultra-fast, planar light integrated circuit for future telecommunication use. Less