Dederiyeh Neanderthals,Afrin,Syria

近年来，对现代智人的进化与扩散的研究有了很大的发展，其研究成果已成为黎凡特地区古人类学研究的一个热点。在这种情况下，古人类学家之间最具争议的话题之一是解释在Amud和Kebara（尼安德特人）和Qafzeh（早期现代人）等地点发现的尼安德特人和早期现代人的骨骼遗骸之间的时间和系统发育关系。在Dederiyeh洞穴中发现的尼安德特人进一步阐明了这个问题。Dederiyeh洞穴提供了有关黎凡特地区尼安德特人与Tabun B型穆斯特人地层联系的新资料，以及死海裂谷北端尼安德特人与Tabun B型工业地层联系分布的新资料。它暗示了尼安德特人与早期现代人在地理分布上的差异，这是由塔邦B型和C型工业的分布差异所暗示的。因此，随着国际上对阿夫林的兴趣成为黎凡特研究的关键领域，在Dederiyeh的进一步研究应该有可能将尼安德特人和早期现代人的居民置于一个更完整的古环境和行为背景中，以及一个时间顺序。Dederiyeh洞穴有可能为关于尼安德特人以及他们身上发生的事情的争论做出很多贡献。

Recently the study of the evolution and dispersal of modern Homo sapiens has developed greatly and the results have become a center of interest of paleoanthropology in the Levant. Under this situation, one of the most controversial subjects among paleoanthropologists is the interpretation of the chronological and phylogenetic relationship between skeletal remains classified as Neanderthals and those classified as early modern humans, as found in sites such as Amud and Kebara (Neanderthal) and Qafzeh (early modern). The discovery of the Neanderthals at the Dederiyeh cave shed further light on this subject. The Dederiyeh Cave has produced new data on the stratigraphic association between Neanderthals and Tabun B-type Mousterian in the Levant, and on the distribution of the stratigraphic association between Neanderthals and Tabun B industry in the northern extremity of the Dead Sea Rift. It implies the difference in geographical distribution between Neanderthals and early modern humans suggested by the distributional difference between the industries of Tabun B and C types. Thus with the international interest in Afrin as a critical area for Levantine studies, it should possible from further research at Dederiyeh, to place the inhabitants, both Neanderthal and early modern, in a more complete paleoenvironmental and behavioral context, as well as a chronological one. The Dederiyeh cave has the potential to contribute much to debate about the Neanderthals, and what happened to them.