Morphological Study of the Neanderthal child skeletons from Dederiyeh Cave, Syria

两个年轻的原始人骨骼发现在埋葬号。Dederiyeh洞穴的1号和2号都是尼安德特人，死亡年龄大致相同。他们共享许多尼安德特人的解剖特征，并在某些特征上表现出一些差异。例如，它们共有以下特征：从后面看呈“en bombe”形状，枕圆枕和耻骨上凹陷的组合，鼻骨宽，颧骨额突长，内耳道圆形开口。边缘结节和前切迹仅见于Dederiyeh 2，前乳突结节仅见于Dederiyeh 1。另一方面，尽管Dederiyeh 2的牙齿发育比Dederiyeh 1更先进，但Dederiyeh 2在下颌面部和颅后尺寸方面比Dederiyeh 1更纤细。例如，Dederiyeh 1的颞骨、下颌体、股骨和胫骨的骨突的尺寸大于Dederiyeh 2。在一个地点内一定存在广泛的个体发生变异的可能性，尽管它可能是由不明显的因素引起的，如性别、个体品种、环境或年代差异。

Two young hominid skeletons found in Burial Nos. 1 and 2 of Dederiyeh Cave are both Neandertals with approximately the same ages at death. They share many Neandertal anatomical features as well as displaying several differences in some traits. For example, they share the following features: "en bombe" shape from the posterior aspect, combination of the occipital torus and suprainiac pitting, wide nasal bone, long frontal process of the zygomatic bone, circular opening of the internal acoustic meatus. While the marginal tubercle and incisura preangualis are only seen in Dederiyeh 2, the anterior mastoid tubercle is recognized only in Dederiyeh 1.Both children are quite similar in morphology of the cranial vault and dentition. On the other hand, Dederiyeh 2 is more gracile in mandibulo-facial and postcranial dimensions than Dederiyeh 1 though the dental development of Dederiyeh 2 was more advanced than that of Dederiyeh 1. For instance, dimensions of the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, mandibular corpus, femur and tibia are larger in Dederiyeh 1 than in Dederiyeh 2. There must have been the possible existence of wide ontogenetic variation within a single site, although it may be caused by indistinct factors, such as sex, individual varieties, environmental or chronological differences.