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Research on Correlation between Charpy Impact Test and Fracture of Steel Members

简支梁冲击试验与钢构件断裂相关性研究

基本信息

批准号：
10450201
负责人：
KUWAMURA Hitoshi
金额：
$ 9.54万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10450201/
关键词：
Steel Structure Material Test Fracture Impact 鋼材衝撃試験鉄骨造建築物破面解析

项目摘要

Since the Charpy impact test was invented a hundred years ago, the test method has been utilized in steel industry all over the world. The test results, however, have never been related quantitatively to fracture performance of structural members of actual size. Fracture mechanics has shown a negative opinion to the correlation between Charpy and structures because of the substantial differences in size, loading rate and notch configuration.This research, however, prevailed that there is a remarkable correlation of pattern and process of fracture between Charpy specimens and structural members. They have a common fracture mechanism, i.e., a sequence of ductile crack initiation, its growth, and transition to cleavage fracture. Furthermore, the load-deformation curves obtained from Charpy test under variable loading rates, when compiled together with FEM analysis, demonstrated the development of plastic stress and strain at the origin of fracture, from which the conditions of crack initiation and brittle transition can be expressed by a common formula both for Charpy specimens and structural members with necessary conversions. Thus, the energy absorption capacity gained from Charpy impact test is expected to be directly applied for estimating the plastic strength and deformation capacity of structural members in design of steel structures.

夏比冲击试验自发明一百多年以来，一直在世界各地的钢铁工业中使用。然而，试验结果从未与实际尺寸的结构构件的断裂性能定量相关。断裂力学对Charpy与结构之间的相关性持否定态度，这是因为在尺寸、加载速率、缺口形状等方面存在着很大的差异，而本研究认为，Charpy试件与结构构件之间的断裂方式和断裂过程存在着显著的相关性。它们具有共同的断裂机制，即，韧性裂纹萌生、扩展和向解理断裂转变的顺序。此外，将变加载速率下的夏比试验得到的荷载-变形曲线与有限元分析结果结合起来，得到了断裂起始处塑性应力和应变的发展规律，并由此得到了夏比试件和构件的裂纹萌生和脆性转变条件的通用公式，并进行了必要的换算。因此，夏比冲击试验获得的能量吸收能力有望直接用于钢结构设计中估算结构构件的塑性强度和变形能力。