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Microstructural Investigation of Carbonized or Sintered Wood and Development of New Functions

碳化或烧结木材的微观结构研究和新功能的开发

基本信息

批准号：
10460075
负责人：
IMAMURA Yuji
金额：
$ 8.19万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10460075/
关键词：
Wood charcoal Japanese Cedar TEM Microfibril Onion-like graphitic particles Mercury SEM Direct pulse sintering 木質焼成炭微細構造炭化ミクロフィブリル

项目摘要

New functions of wood charcoal related to adsorption, electric or thermal properties were clarified by analyzing characteristics of crystal structures of wood charcoal, changing the temperature or pressure during carbonization or sintering. The possibility as the material with new functions was investigated on the microstructures in the relation to adsorption, electric, or thermal property.Japanese cedar ovendried and carbonized wood powder removed mercury from aqueous solution of different types of mercury compounds. Wood powder and carbonized wood at 200, 600, and 1000 ℃ removed mercury with in the concentration range 1 - 10 ppm. Wood powder carbonized at 1000 ℃ performed best, even better than activated carbon in removing mercury in the solution. Japanese Cedar was carbonized at heating rate of 4 - 50 ℃/min from 20 up to 1300 ℃. The charcoal heated over 400 ℃ showed drastic shrinkage. The deformation was greater at higher heating rate. Sugi was carbonized at 700 ℃ , using a laboratory-scale electric furnace, and then graphitized with direct pulse sintering. SEM and TEM analyzed the wood charcoal and graphitization. The area including the graphitic particles surrounds the random microstructure in the microfibrils. The interlayer spacing in the wood charcoal sintered at 1700 ℃ for 5 min is almost the same as that of the wood charcoal carbonized at 2300 ℃ for 3 hrs.The point of this study is the clarification of microstructures of "wood" characterized as cell structures and cellulose microfibrils. It is important to make clear the relation between the structures and lightness, high modulus, conductivity. Potentials of thinning or waste wood were shown for the development of carbon materials with new functions maintaining cell structures.

通过分析炭化和烧结过程中温度和压力的变化，阐明了木炭在吸附、电学和热学等方面的新功能。从微观结构、吸附性能、电学性能和热性能等方面探讨了作为新功能材料的可能性。杉木烘干碳化木粉去除不同类型汞化合物水溶液中的汞。木粉和炭化木材在200、600和1000℃下除汞的浓度范围为1 - 10ppm。1000℃炭化木粉的除汞效果最好，甚至优于活性炭。以4 ~ 50℃/min的升温速率将杉木从20℃碳化至1300℃。木炭加热超过400℃后收缩剧烈。升温速率越高，变形越大。在实验室规模的电炉上，在700℃下碳化杉木，然后用直接脉冲烧结石墨化。SEM和TEM分析了木材的炭化和石墨化情况。包括石墨颗粒在内的区域围绕着微原纤维中的随机微观结构。1700℃5 min烧结木炭的层间距与2300℃3 h炭化木炭的层间距基本相同。本研究的重点是澄清以细胞结构和纤维素微原纤维为特征的“木材”的微观结构。弄清其结构与轻质、高模量、电导率之间的关系是十分重要的。疏伐或废木材的潜力显示了碳材料的发展与维持细胞结构的新功能。