Delusional Ideation in non-clinical samples : comparison with clinical samples and pathogenesis

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Schizophrenic patients show many symptoms, such as delusion, hallucinations and negative symptoms. In order to examine the pathogenesis of the delusional symptoms, we developed some assessment tools measuring the delusional ideation in the clinical and non-clinical samples.1. We developed the Delusional Ideation Checklist (DICL) which measured the theme of paranoid ideation. In order to examine its reliability and validity, we conducted the study of the non-clinical samples. Factor analysis revealed that the theme of delusional ideation could be classified from the viewpoints of emotion and direction of self-others. DICL could deal with the delusional ideation in a comprehensive and systematic way and showed good reliability and diagnostic validity. The results of DICL indicated that ordinary person experienced delusional ideation more frequently than the psychiatrists expected. We also examined the validity of the diathesis-stress interaction hypothesis of the delusional ideation, which was typical model of the pathogenesis in psychopathology. Using hierarchical regression analysis on the data obtained from the panel study, the diathesis-stress interaction hypothesis was confirmed. The subjects who had strong diathesis showed an increase of delusional ideation under a great stress.2. We developed the Multi-dimensional Personal Ideation (MAPI) which measured the formal aspects of the delusional ideation, such as conviction or preoccupation. In order to examine its clinical utility, we conducted the semi-structured interview on both clinical and non-clinical samples. The results showed that MAPI had clinical utility on the interview of the schizophrenic patients who had delusional ideation.