权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Ecocriticism in English Literature - Environmental Tradition and the Notion of Nature in Literary Text

英国文学中的生态批评——环境传统与文学文本中的自然概念

基本信息

批准号：
10610454
负责人：
OTOMO Yoshikatsu
金额：
$ 3.01万
依托单位：
TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

It has only been two centuries since the color of green was associated with Nature's universal robe. A more enduring view of Nature has been its association with "everything", stemming from the pre-Socratic era's usage of the Greek word phusis. Successively demoted by the Platonic, Aristotelian, and Christian conceptions, Nature's meaning has changed. As medieval Christianity established the Creator of phusis, Nature became a symbolic creature representing the world derived from chaos. The name, "Nature", enabled the personification or apotheosis of it, which has proved its most potent sense to the present day. Then the late eighteenth century saw an enormous shrinkage in the meaning, "Nature" coming to mean the green landscape in the works of the Romantic poets.We are the descendents of the Romantics, since we owe the modern notion of Nature and this appreciation of our environment and ecosystem to them. Consider, for instance, Wordsworth's well-known phrase "We murder to dissect" in "The Tables Turned" - a highlight of his love of and sympathy with Nature inseparable from his critique of contemporary scientific rationalism. The spiritual wandering of Wordsworth and Tanabe in search of "disinterested love for nature's disinterested beauty" may exemplify human's predestined journey in search of ecological coexistence with our environment. Man repeats this journey every day, every year, and every century.

绿色与大自然的普遍长袍联系在一起仅仅是两个世纪前的事。对自然的一个更持久的看法是它与“一切”的联系，源于前苏格拉底时代对希腊词phusis的使用。自然的意义在柏拉图、亚里士多德和基督教的观念中相继被贬低，现在已经发生了变化。随着中世纪基督教确立了phusis的创造者，自然成为代表混沌世界的象征性生物。“自然”这个名字使它得以人格化或神化，这已经证明了它迄今为止最有力的意义。到了18世纪后期，“自然”的含义大大缩水，在浪漫主义诗人的作品中，“自然”的意思变成了绿色风景。我们是浪漫主义诗人的后代，因为我们把现代的自然概念以及对我们的环境和生态系统的欣赏归功于他们。例如，考虑一下华兹华斯在《桌子翻转》中的著名短语“我们谋杀是为了解剖”--这是他对自然的热爱和同情的突出表现，与他对当代科学理性主义的批判密不可分。华兹华斯和田边寻找“对自然无私之美的无私之爱”的精神漫游，可能是人类寻求与环境生态共存的宿命之旅。人类每天、每年、每个世纪都在重复这一旅程。