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Inquiry into the Process of Civil Air Transport Agreements by Open Sky Policies and Transformation of International Airline Systems

开放天空政策与国际航空体系转型民用航空运输协议流程探讨

基本信息

批准号：
10630055
负责人：
SHIOMI Eiji
金额：
$ 1.09万
依托单位：
CHUO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this research is to explore how open sky policies led by the U.S.Government have evolved and been incorporated into civil air transport agreements. And additional purpose is to examine how these policies have effected the transformation of international air transport regimes.The research results indicate that open sky policies have evolved in two stages with the turning point coming in the mid-1990's. Also, synergism due to open sky policies and strategic alliances through code-sharing could be observed. In addition, the results reveals that critical features of the regime transformation influenced by open sky policies can be traced to the lowering of IATA's control, liberalization of bilateral agreements and the spread of regional multilateral agreements. Open sky policies have many purposes and in practice have been applied flexibly to air transport agreements that take different countries' regulatory circumstances in to account.Results of case studies indicate that decision making in the process of making agreements and in level of safe-guard measures after open sky negotiations vary from country to country. It's difficult to know exactly what will happen in the future regime, but we can be sure there will be a trend towards multilateralism through strategic alliances. Important subjects to be investigated deal with ascertaining the possibility of cabotage abolishment, and discerning ways to apply anti-trust measures effectively to international airline.

本研究的目的是探讨由美国政府领导的开放天空政策是如何演变并被纳入民用航空运输协议的。另一个目的是研究这些政策如何影响国际航空运输制度的变革。研究结果表明，我国开放天空政策的演变经历了两个阶段，其转折点出现在20世纪90年代中期。此外，可以观察到开放天空政策和通过代码共享建立战略联盟所产生的协同效应。此外，研究结果表明，受开放天空政策影响的制度转变的关键特征可以追溯到IATA管制的降低、双边协议的自由化和区域多边协议的传播。开放天空政策有许多目的，在实践中已灵活地应用于考虑到不同国家监管情况的航空运输协定。案例研究结果表明，各国在协议制定过程中的决策和开放天空谈判后的保障措施水平存在差异。很难确切地知道未来的政权会发生什么，但我们可以肯定的是，通过战略联盟，多边主义将成为一种趋势。确定航线取消的可能性，辨析如何对国际航空公司实施有效的反垄断措施，是研究的重要课题。