The Modernization and the Production Structure of Agriculture in 20th Century China

这一对中国农村经济“现代化”进程的批判性重新审视是4年研究的产物。全文结构如下：第一部分：农村经济结构与品种改良运动。第二章1934年中国中东部农村经济。第三章浙江省稻麦品种改良。浙江省家蚕品种改良工程，第四章。浙江省棉花品种改良运动;补充第1节。第二部分：我国中东部棉纺织手工业的波动。第二章：棉纺织工艺品研究综述。第三章：上海棉纺织手工业现代化的反思。苏南棉纺织手工业的两极分化;第四章;苏北棉纺织手工业的二重性;第一节。苏北地区水稻种植经济关系研究 关于我们 第五章.浙江棉纺织手工业的发展;补充第二节。棉纺织手工业的衰落和新手工业的兴起。20世纪30年代生态破坏和对改良品种反应的区域差异反映了每个地区农村经济结构的差异。在已发展商品性农业的农村地区，生态破坏更为严重。在丝绸业和棉花业，农民对改良品种的反对是很大的，因为与稻麦生产不同，这两个行业的特点是生产过程中的明显分工。另一方面，世纪上半叶中国中东部棉纺织手工业的先进生产方式，并不是最发达地区农村经济的产物。这种生产方式的形成，是各经济区域发展形成多种生产方式的结果，是区域生产分工的结果。因此，弄清农村经济结构，对于理解近代中国农村经济的变迁状况，具有重要意义。少

This critical reexamination of the 'modernization' process of rural economy in China is the product of 4 years of research. The text is organized as follows : Part 1 : Structure of rural economy and breed improvement campaigns ; 1st chap. Rural economy of eastern-central China in 1934 ; 2nd chap. Breed improvement campaign of rice and wheat in Zhejiang ; 3rd chap. Silkworm breed improvement campaign in Zhejiang, 4th chap. Cotton breed improvement campaign in Zhejiang ; Supplemental sect. 1. Regional difference of responses to American cotton seed ; Part 2 : Fluctuation of cotton textile handicraft in eastern-central China ; 1st chap. Review of research concerning cotton textile handicraft ; 2nd chap. Reconsidering ' modernization of cotton textile handicraft in Shanghai ; 3rd chap. Polarization of cotton textile handicraft in south Jiangsu ; 4th chap ; Dualism of cotton textile handicraft in north Jiangsu ; Supplemental sect. 1. Economic relations of rice cultivation in north Jiangsu a … More nd south Jiangsu ; 5th chap. Development of cotton textile handicraft in Zhejiang ; Supplemental sect. 2. Decline of cotton textile handicraft and the rise of new handicrafts.This research leads to the following conclusion. Regional differences in ecological damage and responses to improved breeds in the 1930s reflected the differences in the structure of each region's rural economy. Ecological damage was more serious in the rural distincts that had developed commercial farming. Peasant opposition to improved breeds was great in the case of the silk and cotton industries which, unlike rice and wheat production, were characterized by distinct divisions in the process of production. On the other hand, the advanced pattern of production present in the case of cotton textile handicraft in eastern-central China during the first half of the 20th century was not born of the rural economies of the most developed districts. Rather, this pattern of production arose from the formation of a multitude of production patterns following from development in each economically-variegated region and the consequent regional division of production.In this manner, shedding light upon the rural economic structure is very important to understanding the changing condition of the rural economy in modern China. Less