Recent changes of the general circulation in the stratosphere, and its relation to the tropospheric general circulation

平流层大气环流的近期变化及其与对流层大气环流的关系

• 批准号: 10640425
• 负责人: MIYOSHI Yasunobu
• 金额: $ 1.98万
• 依托单位: KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10640425/
• 关键词: general circulation; stratosphere; ozone depletion; general circulation model; satellite data; 成層圏大循環; 対流圏大循環

Recent changes of the general circulation in the stratosphere and the troposphere are investigated by satellite data analyses and numerical simulation. Zonal-mean differences of the temperature and zonal wind for March between 1990s and 1980s are firstly examined on the basis of stratospheric analyses of the UK Meteorological Office. We can see a cooling of order 10K in the North polar lower stratosphere and a warming of order 10K in the North polar upper stratosphere. The corresponding intensification of the polar night jet of order 15 m/s is also seen in high latitudes. These tendencies are considered to be due to the ozone depletion in 1990s.In order to investigate effects of ozone depletion on the general circulation, numerical simulation by using a general circulation model is performed. In Arctic ozone depletion experiment, a cooling in the North polar lower stratosphere and a warming in the North polar upper stratosphere are obtained. The cooling brings about the intensification of the polar night jet. These changes are consistent with observations. The cooling is caused by the decrease of solar UV heating due to the ozone depletion, while the warming is caused by adiabatic heating due to the enhancement of downward motion. In subsequent studies, further experiments are required to exclude the contamination of stratospheric sudden warming s occurring in the experiments.

利用卫星资料分析和数值模拟研究了平流层和对流层大气环流的近期变化。在英国气象局平流层分析资料的基础上，研究了20世纪90年代至80年代3月气温和纬向风的纬向平均差。我们可以看到，北极平流层下层的温度下降了10K，而北极平流层上层的温度上升了10K。在高纬度地区，极夜急流的强度也相应增强，约为15米/秒。这些趋势被认为是由于1990年代的臭氧消耗。为了研究臭氧消耗对大气环流的影响，采用大气环流模式进行了数值模拟。在北极臭氧消耗实验中，得到了北极平流层下层变冷和北极平流层上层变暖的结果。降温导致极夜急流增强。这些变化与观测结果一致。冷却是由于臭氧耗竭导致太阳紫外线加热减少而引起的，而升温是由于向下运动增强而引起的绝热加热。在后续的研究中，需要进一步的实验来排除实验中出现的平流层突然变暖的污染。

项目成果

T.Hirooka: "Radiative and dynamical impacts of Arctic and Antarctic ozone holes"Adv.Space Res.. 24・12. 1637-1640 (1999)

T. Hirooka：“北极和南极臭氧空洞的辐射和动力学影响”Adv.Space Res. 24・1640 (1999)。

T.Hirooka: "Radiative and Dynamical Impacts of Arctic and Antarctic Ozone Holes"Adv,Space Res.. 24・12. 1637-1640 (1999)

T. Hirooka：“北极和南极臭氧层空洞的辐射和动力学影响”Adv，太空研究.. 24・12（1999）。

Y.Miyoshi: "Numerical simulation of the 5-day and 16-day waves n the mesopause region"Earth, Planets and Space. 51(7,8). 763-772 (1999)

Y.Miyoshi：“中层顶区域 5 天和 16 天波的数值模拟”地球、行星和空间。

Y.Miyoshi: "Numerical Simulation of the 5-day and 16-day waves in the mesopause region"Earth,Planets and Space. 51・7,8. 763-772 (1999)

Y.Miyoshi：“中层顶区域5天和16天波的数值模拟”地球，行星和空间51・7,8（1999）。

S.Miyahara: "On the geostrophic balance of mean zonal winds in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere"Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan. 78・5. 683-688 (2000)

S.Miyahara：“关于中间层和低层热层的平均纬向风的地转平衡”日本气象学会杂志78・5（2000）。