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EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON LOW NOISE SENSOR FOR FLUXGATE MAGNETOMETER

磁通门磁力计低噪声传感器的实验研究

基本信息

批准号：
10640431
负责人：
TOHYAMA Fumio
金额：
$ 2.05万
依托单位：
TOKAI UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Fluxgate magnetometer has been very often used in research on satellites for Earth, space and planetary observations. Recently, every experiment is required high sensitivity resolution and minimization of sensor noise-level that are to decide resolution detecting the magnetic field. Import sensor cores from USA have been used on satellites but a homemade low noise-level core should be developed. But the noise characteristics have not shown till now.Every sensor core that exists in Japan have been tested. Especially, Japanese core and US core was compared for their noise-level and sensitivity. The experimental parameters are drive current, frequency, sensor size and temperature. And also a small tri-axial sensor and a residual magnetic moment measurement system for satellite instruments have developed.The following results were obtained.(1) The optimum low noise and high sensitive sensor is 8 KHz for drive frequency and 10 Oersted for drive magnetic amplitude.(2) Noise-level is inverse proportional to the length of used permalloy and sensitivity is proportional to the cubic of core diameter. They are independent on the number of winding layer of permalloy. The diameter of core is also proportional to the differential permeability and it decides sensor sensitivity.(3) Temperature gradient is 0.2 nT/degree in Centigrade for near room temperature and it is independent on core size and permally. The change of noise-level for wide band between from -20 to +70 degrees shows large for Japanese core compare with US core. It is guessed that the coefficient of heat expansion of US bobbin is near to that of permalloy, so tension and stress are small for US core.(4) As a result, the Japanese core of 27mm in diameter with 15 turns of permalloy is less the noise-level and also better the sensitivity than those of US core.

磁通门磁力仪在地球、空间和行星观测卫星的研究中经常使用。近年来，各种实验都要求传感器具有高灵敏度、高分辨率和低噪声水平，这决定了磁场检测的分辨率。从美国进口的敏感器芯已用于卫星上，但低噪声级的敏感器芯需要国产化。但噪声特性至今尚未显示出来，日本现有的每一个传感器核心都经过了测试。特别是日本和美国的核心进行了比较，他们的噪音水平和灵敏度。实验参数为驱动电流、频率、传感器尺寸和温度。并研制了小型三轴传感器和卫星仪器剩余磁矩测量系统，取得了以下成果。(1)最佳的低噪声和高灵敏度传感器是驱动频率为8 KHz，驱动磁场振幅为10奥斯特。(2)噪声电平与所用坡莫合金的长度成反比，灵敏度与芯径的立方成正比。它们与坡莫合金绕组层数无关。磁芯的直径也与微分磁导率成正比，它决定了传感器的灵敏度。(3)温度梯度为0.2 nT/摄氏度，在室温附近，它是独立的核心大小和permally。在-20 ° ~+70 °的宽频带范围内，日本岩心的噪声级变化比美国岩心大。据推测，US线圈架的热膨胀系数与坡莫合金的热膨胀系数接近，因此US铁芯的张力和应力较小。(4)结果表明，日本27 mm直径15匝坡莫合金磁芯的噪声级比美国磁芯低，灵敏度也比美国磁芯高。