Research on Rapid Prototyping Using Functional Materials

从三维CAD几何数据自动快速地制造各种形状的实体物体的技术被称为“快速原型”。本研究的目的是提出一种基本的快速成型技术，使用多种不同性质的材料，如弹性和导电性，使所得的固体物体具有一定的功能，以及几何形状。本研究的主要结果如下：1.通过对实体自由成形方法的比较，采用了熔融沉积成型（FDM）方法，因为它可以利用广泛的材料。在理论计算和基础实验的基础上，设计并制作了一套基于螺杆-筒体挤出的FDM快速成型系统。该系统有多套螺杆和圆筒，每一套都含有不同的材料。该系统在加工过程中选择螺旋圆柱体，从而可以加工出由多个材料组成的实体 关于我们 terials.2.用于快速成型的传统数据格式，如STL（立体光刻），最初并不是设计用于处理多种材料。本研究提出了一种新的多材料加工数据处理方法，通过扩展现有STL和VRML（虚拟现实建模语言）格式的解释，实现了现有数据格式之间的兼容性.当制造由多种材料组成的物体时，在某些材料组合中，两种材料之间在边界处的结合不够强。为加强粘接，提出了相邻两种材料同层路径重叠法和不同材料两层路径交错法.上述方法被实现为一个快速原型系统。通过制作由聚丙烯、弹性体和导电树脂等多种材料组成的物体，验证了本研究的有效性、可行性和当前局限性。少

Technologies to fabricate solid objects of various shapes automatically and rapidly from 3-D CAD geometry data are called "rapid prototyping". The purpose of this study is to propose a fundamental technology of rapid prototyping using multiple materials of different properties such as elasticity and electric conductivity so that the resulting solid objects have some functions as well as geometry. The results of this study are summarized as follows :1. By comparing solid freeform fabrication methods, fused deposition modeling (FDM) was adopted because of its capability of utilizing wide range of materials. After some theoretical calculation and basic experiments, a rapid prototyping system based on FDM using extrusion by screws and cylinders was designed and made. The system has multiple sets of screw and cylinder, each of which contains different materials. The system selects the screw-cylinder during fabrication process so that it can fabricate a solid object consisting of multiple ma … More terials.2. Conventional data formats for rapid prototyping such as STL (STereo-Lithography) are not originally designed to handle multiple materials. This study proposed a new data processing method for multiple material, fabrication by extending' the interpretation of existing STL and VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language) format so that the compatibility between current data formats is maintained.3. When fabricating an object consisting of multiple materials, bonding between two materials at the boundary is not strong enough in some material combination. To strengthen the bonding, path overlapping method for neighboring, two materials in the same layer and path interlace method for two layers of different materials were proposed.4. The methods mentioned above were implemented as a rapid prototyping system. By fabricating objects consisting of multiple materials such as polypropylene, elastomer and conductive resin, efficacy, possibility and current limitation of this study were examined. Less