Improvement of a public transport system using data carriers

本研究包括以下两个部分：(1)数据载体支持下一代公共交通系统的改进方法；(2)对改进的评价和评估。研究总结如下：(1)无门收费具有车站结构简单、乘客轨迹较短、出行所需准备时间较短(包括等待时间)、减少现有不完善的自动检票系统造成的乘客不适等优点。对改进效果进行了评估。(2)通过实时个人乘客引导系统的改进可以分为以下两类：一种是基于目前的列车运行也是可能的，另一种是通过新颖的列车运行方式来实现的，这种方式本身就需要乘客个体的实时引导。(3)前者的改进包括减轻了没有经验的乘客的心理负担和…为有经验的乘客节省更多的时间和增加舒适性。(4)后一种优势的主要部分在于，新型信息系统实现了传统系统中禁止的高效而复杂的列车操作，例如在比列车更短的站台停车，以及在灵活的运营管理中临时通过列车。对这些业务的具体设计方法进行了研究，并对其优点进行了粗略的评价。(5)详细交通需求信息的自动采集，通过合理利用交通资源，改善服务，减少等待时间，降低成本，从而提高坐客率。(6)讨论了可能的硬件：除了非接触式IC卡作为研究的初始目标设备外，还研究了移动信息设备，如手持电话、小灵通、袖珍铃铛和一些信息玩具。(7)提出了一种减少交通运营商特有的软件开发的方法。较少

This research consists of the following two parts :(1) improvement methodology of a public transport system enabled by data carriers in the next generation, and(2) evaluation and estimation of the improvement.The study is summarized as follows :(1) The gateless fare collection enables the merits of simple station structure, shorter passenger trajectory, shorter necessary preparation time for a travel including waiting time, reduction of passenger uncomfort caused by the present incomplete automatic ticket checking system etc. The improvement effect has been evaluated.(2) The improvement through realtime individual passenger guidance system can be classified in the following two categories : One is possible also based on the present train operation, the other is first possible through the novel train operation which inherently needs the realtime individual passenger guidance.(3) The former improvement consists of the reduction of psychological burden felt by unexperienced passengers and … More the time reduction and comfort-increase for experienced passengers. The both of them have been evaluated.(4) The major part of the latter advantage is that the novel information system enables the efficient but complex train operations which was prohibited in the conventional systems, e.g., stop at a platform shorter than the train, and temporary train passing during a flexible operation management. The concrete design methods of these operations have been developed and the advantages have been coarsely evaluated.(5) Automatic information collection on detailed traffic demand enables the enhancement of the sitting passenger rate through the rational usage of the transport resource, the improvement of the service, e.g., reduction of the waiting time, and the cost reduction. The effects have been evaluated.(6) Possible hardware has been discussed : In addition to the contactless IC-cards, which were the initial target device of the study, the mobile information devices, e.g., handy phones, PHS, pocket bells and some information toys have been studied.(7) A method for reducing software development unique for transport operators has been proposed. Less