Non-invasive bio-sensor and system for health monitor

本文介绍了一种新的无创、无限制的生命生物测量方法——气动法和/或气垫法。在床上放置一个空气床垫，一个精细的压力传感器检测床垫中的空气压力和过滤器是系统的组成部分。由于心动过速、呼吸、打鼾、翻身、咳嗽等引起的人体运动直接影响到压力，这些运动的原因可以通过适当的过滤来辨别。首先，通过数学模型对气垫内空气的气动特性进行了研究，并给出了有效的过滤方法，以消除不良的气动特性，并进一步区分人体各种运动引起的气动变化。其次，我们处理了一些实际问题，即降噪，人对气垫的感觉，将该方法应用于市售气垫或床垫。结果表明，通过合理选择滤波器的截止频率，该方法对日常生活中由噪声引起的床垫压力波动具有较强的鲁棒性。此外，该方法在非常薄的气垫下工作，以至于人类无法注意到它们的存在以及现有的各种气垫和床垫。第三，研究了如何减少生物测量数据。最后，我们记录了每分钟的心跳频率、呼吸频率、打鼾次数和不呼吸次数。以上数据整晚的变化提供了估计昨晚睡眠深度的信息。此外，在紧急情况下，如没有呼吸和心脏跳动和/或持续的异常身体运动，系统可以发送实时信息。这种新型的气动测量方法是对任何患者最友好的生物测量方法之一。

This paper describes a new non-invasive and non-restrictive vital bio-measurement method of the pneumatic and/or the air mattress method. An air mattress laid out on the bed, a fine pressure sensor that detects the pressure of the air in the mattress and filters are the components of the system. The human body movements due to such as the cardiobilistram, respiration, snoring, turning over and coughing directly infulence to the pressure and the causes of the movements can be discriminated by the proper filtering.Firstly, we investigated the pneumatic characteristics of the air in the air mattress via a mathematical model and showed the effective filtering to eliminate the ill pneumatic characteristics and further to discriminate the changes due to various body movement.Secondly, we treated somewhat practical problems, I.e., noise reduction, human feeling to the air mattress, application of the method to commercially available air cushions or mattress. As the results, this method can be robust to the pressure fluctuation in the mattress due to noises in daily life by properly selecting the cut-off frequencies of the filters. Further the method works under a very thin air mattress such as that the human cannot notice their existence as well as to the variety existing air cushions and mattresses.Thirdly we investigated how to reduce the bio-measurement data. Finally we caught the heart beating frequency, respiration frequency, occurrences of snoring and occurrences of non-respiration for every minute. The changes in above data for whole night provide the information to estimate the depth of sleep of the last night. Further in the emergent situation such as the non-respiration and non-heart beating and/or the continuation of abnormal body movements, the system can send real time message.The new pneumatic method is one of the kindest bio-measurement method to any patient.