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Comparative Study on Building Organization, Care System, and Activity of group livings for the elderly with dementia between Japan and Sweden

日本与瑞典痴呆老年人群居组织、照护体系及活动活动比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
10650598
负责人：
TOYAMA Tadashi
金额：
$ 2.24万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10650598/
关键词：
Sweden Group Living the elderly with dementia care 痴呆痴呆性老人ケアシステムなじみ

项目摘要

In developed countries society has grown increasingly oriented toward nuclear families, and growing number of the elderly now live either alone or as a couple. It is becoming increasingly difficult to expect that families will support the elderly, and the problems of the dementia care is one of the greatest concerns of society.This present study examine cultural differences between Swedish and Japanese group living for the elderly with dementia focusing on interactions between building design and residents' activity from the environment-behavior viewpoint. Several Swedish and Japanese group-livings, which are carefully designed in response to cultural background or traditional spatial structure are selected, residents' activities are compared based on the date of behavior tracking survey and deep interview to care givers and residents. The result suggested : 1) The details of historical transformation in Japanese group-living and policy situations for the elderly with dementia are clared based on government's date.2) The details of transformation in Swedish group-living are cleared based on date on Swedish group living since 1985. In the process of the transformation Swedish group living change its regulation and physical settings for more space and financial efficiency.3) By the way of behavior trucking survey on Japanese group-living, mode of staying in common spaces, especially semi-private space shared by some of the residents, significantly affects to residents stable conditions.4) Cultural norms, rules and attitudes affects building designs, but critical points like "visibility" for the design of environment for the elderly with dementia are common between Japanese and Swedish group-livings.

在发达国家，社会越来越倾向于核心家庭，越来越多的老年人现在要么独自生活，要么作为夫妇生活。老年痴呆症患者的护理问题是社会关注的焦点之一，在老年人的家庭养老变得越来越困难的情况下，本研究从环境-行为的观点出发，着眼于建筑设计与居民活动之间的相互作用，对瑞典和日本老年痴呆症患者群体的文化差异进行了探讨。本研究选取了瑞典和日本的几个根据文化背景或传统空间结构精心设计的集体居住区，通过对照顾者和居民的行为跟踪调查和深度访谈，对居民的活动进行了比较。结果表明：（1）以政府的数据为基础，详细描述了日本老年痴呆症群体生活的历史变迁和政策状况。（2）以1985年以来瑞典老年痴呆症群体生活的数据为基础，详细描述了瑞典老年痴呆症群体生活的变迁。3）通过对日本群体居住的行为追踪调查发现，居住在公共空间，尤其是部分居民共享的半私人空间的模式对居民的稳定状态有显著影响。4）文化规范、规则和态度影响建筑设计，但是，对于老年痴呆症患者环境设计的关键点，如"可见性"，在日本和瑞典的集体生活中是共同的。