Experimental Study concerning Heat Transfer Characteristic of External Surface of Building

虽然已经报道了关于建筑物外表面的对流传热系数的安装到墙板的一部分的小热流板的实验研究，但是很少有研究处理建筑物的每个整体面板。针对建筑物墙体对流热流密度测量的困难性，本研究将重点放在测量建筑物各整体板的传热系数分布上，而不是对流热流密度测量的准确性上，并对小型建筑物模型的平表面进行了实验（1 m × 1 m × 1 m），并尝试发展一种基于SAT计、红外辐射计和净交换辐射计的测量结果求取对流热流密度的方法，从而开发出一种测量建筑物各部分对流换热系数的方法， 关于我们 建筑物的壁表面上的气流包括1）由建筑物形成并具有建筑物特征的建筑物周围的气流，以及2）由建筑物周围的气流形成并由壁表面的不规则性分布的壁表面附近的气流。本研究针对建筑物周围的空气流动（1），它为建筑物周围的空气流动提供了基础。室外建筑物模型周围的空气流动在风向相对稳定的情况下，在正负压面上都表现出独特的空气流动特性，而暴露在阳光下的墙壁表面则表现出与空气流动特性相对应的表面温度分布。在本研究中，将红外辐射计测得的墙体表面热像划分为10 cm × 10 cm × 10 cm单元，该方法表明，如果在建筑物的墙面上安装两个或多个SAT表，则可以测量整个墙面的传热系数分布，但测量精度较低几乎没有不规则性。在本研究中，使用净交换辐射计测量值;如果与这些值一起获得辐射计的测量值，则测量精度将得到提高。少

Though experimental studies of a small heat flow plate installed to a part of a wall panel have been reported concerning convective heat transfer coefficient of the external surface of the building, few studies have dealt with each entire panel of the building. This is because of difficulty of measurement in the convective heat flow density to the building wall.In this study, major emphasis was put on the measurement of heat transfer coefficient distribution of each entire panel of the building rather than on the accuracy of measurement of the convective heat flow density, and experiments were made to flat surfaces of a small building model (1m×1m×1m) consisting of SAT meter installed outdoors, and attempts were made to develop a method for obtaining the convective heat flow density based on the measurement results of the SAT meter, infrared radiometer ant net exchange radiometer, thereby developing a method for measuring the convective heat transfer coefficient of each part of the bui … More lding.The air flow on the wall surface of a building includes 1)air flow around the building formed by and characteristic to the building, and 2)air flow in the vicinity of the wall surface formed by the air flow around the building and distributed by irregularity of the wall surface. This study aims at the air flow around the building (1)that provides a bace of the air flow around the building.The air flow around an outdoor building model shows a distinctive air flow characteristic on both the positive and negative pressure surfaces if the wind direction is relatively stable, while the wall surface exposed to the sunshine shows surface temperature distribution corresponding to the air flow characteristic.In this study, the thermal image of the wall surface measured by the infrared radiometer was divided into 10cm×10cm×10cm cells, and the heat transfer coefficient was obtained from the heat balance of each surface.This method showed possibility of measurement of heat transfer coefficient distribution of the entire wall surface at a rather low measurement accuracy if two or more SAT meters can be installed on the wall surface of a building having very little irregularity. In the present study, values measured by a net exchange radiometer were used ; if measurement values of a radiometer were obtained together with these values, the measurement accuracy would be improved. Less