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Research on evaluation of dwelling interior seismic risk caused by Furniture and appliances in an earthquake using interactive CAD environment

利用交互式CAD环境评估地震中家具和电器引起的住宅内部地震风险研究

基本信息

批准号：
10650582
负责人：
MURAKAMI Hitomi
金额：
$ 1.09万
依托单位：
Yamaguchi University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In case of an earthquake in which structural damages to dwellings are not serious, interior damage of dwelling contents such as furniture and daily items cause occupants injured, cause fires, or prevent occupants from evacuating outside safely. Furniture, electric appliances and other objects in housing environment tend to increase in size and in number, and storage space tend to be in shortage. Percentage of households taking preventive measures of fixing furniture to walls is from 5% to 15% and is very row.In order to improve earthquake safety of dwelling indoor environment, it is important for the residents themselves to understand extents of earthquake risk by falling furniture and scattering daily objects and reduction of the risk by rearranging furniture in a house or by reducing number of furniture. It will be effective to estimate earthquake interior damage quantitatively and to visualize the results of estimation for better understanding by ordinary citizens.This study analyzed questionnaire data of building damage, interior damage, human casualty and seisimic intensity conducted after the 1995 Hanshin-Awaji earthquake and derived vulnerability function of furniture as a function of seismic intensity. Using CAD software environment for PC, a software is developed to input dwelling plan, to arrange furniture in a space, to estimate damage pattern under the assumption of variable seismic intensity. Estimation results are indicated with 3 dimensional view of interior space. The software also indicates effects of interior damage mitigation by various measures in consideration.

地震发生时，房屋结构破坏不严重，房屋内家具、生活用品等物品损坏，造成居住者受伤，引起火灾，或使居住者无法安全撤离。家居环境中的家具、电器等物品尺寸和数量趋于增加，存储空间趋于短缺。采取预防措施将家具固定在墙上的家庭比例从5%到15%不等，这一比例非常高。为了提高住宅室内环境的地震安全性，重要的是要让居民自己了解家具掉落和日常用品散落的地震风险程度，并通过重新排列房屋家具或减少家具数量来降低风险。这将有效地定量估计地震内部损害，并将估计结果可视化，以便普通公民更好地理解。本研究分析了1995年阪神-淡路地震后进行的建筑损坏、室内损坏、人员伤亡和地震烈度的问卷调查数据，推导出家具易损性随地震烈度的函数。利用PC机的CAD软件环境，开发了在变烈度假设下的住宅平面输入、家具布置、破坏模式估计等软件。用内部空间的三维视图表示估计结果。该软件还指出了各种措施对减轻内部损害的影响。