"Study on the Inclusion of Falling Acidic Substances such as Sulfate Ions into Spherical Ice Crystal and the Oozing Phenomena"

“硫酸根离子等酸性物质落入球状冰晶中的包裹体及渗出现象的研究”

• 批准号: 10650756
• 负责人: TAGUCHI Yoji
• 金额: $ 1.79万
• 依托单位: Niigata University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10650756/
• 关键词: Crystallization; Spherical ice; Impurities; Inclusion phenomena; Phosphate ion; Ammonium ion; Sulfate ion; Nitrate ion; 氷; Inclusion; アンモニアイオン

The inclusion phenomena of phosphate and ammonium ions into spherically shaped ice and the melting of the ice were examined beside acidic substances, and the following results were obtained.1. From the melting of the spherically shaped ice formed by freezing a solution containing phosphate and ammonium ions as impurities, it was observed that the concentration (C) of both ions in the effluent was always high at the initial stage of melting, depending upon the melting methods which were applied. This suggests that the impurities (salts) were concentrated near the surface of the ice. When the growth rate of the spherical ice was lowered, or when the concentration (CィイD20ィエD2) of the impurity was decreased, a higher concentration ratio (C/CィイD20ィエD2) of phosphate and ammonium ions was observed. These inclusion phenomena were similar to those observed for sulfate, nitrate, and chloride ions which are usually included in acid snow as acidic substances.2. The concentration distribution of ph … More osphate and/or ammonium included in spherical ice, having a diameter of 7 cm, was examined by slicing the ice from side to side and then melting it. A peak showing the maximum amount of ions was observed near the center of the ice spheres. The existence of a peak in the ice is apparently in conflict with the concentration change in the effluent when melting as mentioned above. In order to explain the conflict it was presumed that fast melting of the ice around the center, for example by melting point depression, resulted in the appearance of some cracks through which the melt around the center oozes from. This assumption has not yet been verified.3. The phosphate and ammonium ions in the solution, adjusted to 0 - 0.5 ℃, were adsorbed on the spherical ice crystals, which were prepared with only water. The maximum adsorption amount was observed after a contact time of about 10 seconds. The amount of phosphate was larger than that of ammonium ; a relatively larger difference of selectivity was recognized. The adsorption isotherms were considered to be the Langmuir-adsorption type.For further explanation of the inclusion phenomena of phosphate and ammonium ions into spherically shaped ice, we should construct a model for the estimation of a distribution curve by considering the growth rate of ice and the adsorption rate. Less

除了酸性物质外，还考察了磷酸盐和铵离子在球形冰中的包结现象以及冰的融化现象，得到了以下结果： 1．通过冷冻含有磷酸盐和铵离子作为杂质的溶液形成的球形冰的熔化，观察到流出物中两种离子的浓度（C）在熔化的初始阶段总是很高，这取决于所采用的熔化方法。这表明杂质（盐）集中在冰表面附近。当球形冰的生长速率降低时，或者当杂质的浓度（CィイD20ィエD2）降低时，观察到磷酸盐和铵离子的较高浓度比（C/CィイD20ィエD2）。这些夹杂现象与酸雪中通常作为酸性物质含有的硫酸根、硝酸根和氯离子的观察结果相似。 2．通过将冰从一侧切到另一侧然后将其融化来检查直径为 7 厘米的球形冰中所含的磷酸盐和/或铵的浓度分布。在冰球中心附近观察到显示最大离子量的峰值。如上所述，冰中峰值的存在显然与融化时流出物的浓度变化相矛盾。为了解释这一冲突，人们推测中心周围的冰的快速融化（例如通过熔点降低）导致出现一些裂缝，中心周围的融化物通过这些裂缝渗出。这一假设尚未得到验证。3．将溶液中的磷酸盐和铵离子调节至0-0.5℃，吸附在仅用水制备的球形冰晶上。在约10秒的接触时间后观察到最大吸附量。磷酸盐的用量大于铵盐的用量；认识到选择性相对较大的差异。吸附等温线被认为是Langmuir吸附型。为了进一步解释磷酸盐和铵离子进入球形冰的包裹现象，我们应该构建一个考虑冰的生长速率和吸附速率的分布曲线估计模型。较少的

项目成果

Yoji Taguchi: "Behavior of Phosphate and Ammonium Ions at Forming and Melting of Spherical Ice Crystals"Proceedings of International Symposium on Industrial Crystallization, Tokyo, Sep.17-18. 17-18 (1998)

Yoji Taguchi：“球形冰晶形成和熔化过程中磷酸盐和铵离子的行为”国际工业结晶研讨会论文集，东京，9 月 17-18 日。

Yoji Taguchi: "Inclusion Phenomena of Phosphate and Ammonium Ions into Ice Crystals"Proceedings of 2nd International Workshop on Industrial Crystallization. 104-107 (1999)

Yoji Taguchi：“磷酸盐和铵离子进入冰晶的包含现象”第二届国际工业结晶研讨会论文集。

Y. Taguchi, T. Ando, Y. Iwami, J. Guo and T. Yamaguchi: "Freezing Separation of Phosphate and Ammonium Ions and the Adsorption Phenomena on Ice Crystals"J. Environmental Chemistry. vol. 8, No. 2. 251-258 (1998)

Y.田口、T.安藤、Y.石见、J.郭和T.山口：“磷酸盐和铵离子的冷冻分离及其在冰晶上的吸附现象”J。

Y. Taguchi, T. Ando, J. Guo and T. Moriyama: "Behavior of Phosphate and Ammonium Ions in Forming and Melting of Spherical Ice Crystals"Proceedings of International Symposium on Industrial Crystallization (ISIC'98), Tianjin. 39-43 (1998)

Y.田口、T.安藤、J.郭和T.森山：“磷酸盐和铵离子在球状冰晶形成和熔化中的行为”工业结晶国际研讨会(ISIC98)论文集，天津。

Y. Taguchi and J. Guo: "Inclusion Phenomena of Phosphate and Ammonium Ions Into Ice Crystals"Proceedings of Second International Workshop on Industrial Crystallization (BradIWIC II), Bradford. 104-107 (1999)

Y.田口和J.郭：“磷酸盐和铵离子进入冰晶的包含现象”第二届国际工业结晶研讨会（BradIWIC II）会议记录，布拉德福德。