Synthesis and Properties of Multi-functional Conjugated Polymers with Electrical Conductivity, Optical Luminescence, and Liquid Crystallinity

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We synthesized multi-functional conjugated polymers with liquid crystallinity by introducing liquid crystalline (LC) groups into side chains. Then we succeeded in generating electrical anisotropy and fluorescent dichroism through macroscopic LC alignment under magnetic field used as an external furce.(1) Novel aromatic conjugated polymers with liquid crystallinity, poly-para-phenylene (PPP), poly-para-phenylene vinylene (PPV), polythiophene (PT), and polythienylene vinylene (PTV) derivatives have been synthesized.(2) Measurement of LC temperatures by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) , observation of optical textures by polarizing optical microscope (POM), and assignment of LC phases by X-ray diffraction (XRD) were carried out to clarify higher order structures of stacked LC conjugated polymers.(3) The polymers are macroscopically aligned through magnetic force in LC phase. The optical dichroic ratios of the aligned polymers were evaluated by polarized UV-Vis and IR absorption measurements, in order to grasp quantitative values of order parameters of LC phases.(4) The aligned polymers were chemically doped using iodine, resulting in enhancement of electrical conductivity and generation of electrical anisotropy.(5) On the other hand, the aligned polymers were subjected to fluorescence spectroscopic measurement, giving rise to optically linear dichroism in luminescence.