Studies on the Introduction of Wet Endurance in Wild Soybean into Soybean Cultivars.

本研究旨在探讨是否有可能将野生大豆的耐湿性引入大豆品种中.以野生大豆和6种夏季豆科作物幼苗为材料，在高湿条件下生长14 d，研究了下胚轴表层下次生通气组织的形成。在过湿条件下，大豆下胚轴横切面次生通气组织面积最大，其次是野大豆、豇豆、绿豆，其他作物的下胚轴横切面次生通气组织面积都很小。次生通气组织面积与中柱面积之比野生大豆最大，大豆次之，说明大豆次生通气组织形成能力与野生大豆基本相当。由于在1%水平上发现干重比（在过量水分条件下的地上部分的干重与在过量水分条件下的地上部分的干重的比率）之间的显著正相关， ...更多信息 高地条件下）与过湿条件下次生通气组织面积（r=0.738）的相关性，说明豆科作物次生通气组织形成能力与其耐湿性有关.大豆品种Asoaogari在生长柜中的塑料盆中生长。将具有完全展开的初生叶的幼苗淹没，保持水面在土壤水平以上3cm;其中一半在下胚轴中用凡士林和石蜡膜覆盖，另一半不覆盖。处理后14天，两种植物的下胚轴中均发育出白色的次生通气组织和海绵状组织。用比重瓶测得该部位的空隙率约为30%。结果表明，凡士林和Parafilm处理的植株总干重、地上部干重和根系干重均低于未覆盖处理，而T/R比值高于未覆盖处理。这表明凡士林和Palafilm处理限制了氧气从地上部分向根部的扩散，因此植物的生长在这种条件下不能维持.以30个大豆品种为材料，在高地和高湿条件下生长18天，研究了下胚轴表层以下次生通气组织的形成。下胚轴次生通气组织面积和次生通气组织面积与中柱面积的比值存在品种间差异，但耐湿性品种间差异不显著。少

This study was conducted to investigate whether it was possible to introduce wet endurance in wild soybean into soybean cultivars.1. The secondary aerenchyma formation in hypocotyl just below the soil surface was investigated by using the young seedlings of wild soybean and six summer leguminous crops grown under upland and excessive moisture conditions for 14 days. The area of secondary aerenchyma per transverse section of hypocotyl under the excessive moisture conditions was largest in soybean followed by wild soybean, cowpea, mung bean and those in the other crops were very small. The ratio of secondary aerenchyma area to stele area was largest in wild soybean and followed by soybean, suggesting that the ability of secondary aerenchyma formation in soybean was almost equivalent to that in wild soybean. Since a significant positive correlation at the 1% level was found between dry weight ratio (the ratio of dry weight of the aerial part under the excessive moisture conditions to that … More under the upland conditions) and the area of secondary aerenchyma under excessive moisture conditions (r=0.738), it is suggested that the ability of secondary aerenchyma formation is related to the wet endurance in leguminous crops.2. Soybean cv. Asoaogari were grown in plastic pots in growth cabinet. Seedlings with fully expanded primary leaves were flooded, keeping water surface at 3cm above the soil level ; half of them were covered with Vaseline and Parafilm in the hypocotyl and the other were not covered. Fourteen days after treatments, in both plants, secondary aerenchyma which is white and spongy tissue developed in hypocotyl. And the rate of vacant air space on this part was about 30% measured by pycnometer. The total, top and root dry weight of flooded plants treated with Vaseline and Parafilm were inferior to that of non-covered ones, while T/R ratio of plants treated with Vaseline and Palafilm was higher than that of non-covered ones. It is suggested that Vaseline and Palafilm treatment restricts the diffusion of oxygen from the aerial part to the roots, so that the growth of plants cannot be maintained under such conditions.3. The secondary aerenchyma formation in hypocotyl just below the soil surface was investigated by using 30 varieties of soybean grown under upland and excessive moisture conditions for 18 days. There were varietal differences in the area of secondary aerenchyma and the ratio of secondary aerenchyma area to stele area in hypocotyl at the 1% significant level, while no varietal differences were detected in wet endurance. Less