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Improvement of Water and Soil Conditions of Stream with Charcoal Made on Thinnings of Japanese Cedar

用日本柳杉间伐木炭改善溪流水土状况

基本信息

批准号：
10660154
负责人：
KITAMURA Hirokazu
金额：
$ 0.83万
依托单位：
Minamikyushu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10660154/
关键词：
thinnings charcoal of Japanese cedar adsorbility infiltration capacity suspended particle stream environment disturbed filtration citizens' campaign planting environment 攪乱吸着溶存性BOD 流木処理

项目摘要

Nowadays, charcoal is used in many fields, such as soil and water quality improvement, because of its remarkable adsorbility. However, the effects and functional mechanism of adsorption of charcoal has not been varied correctly, prevailing vague image for charcoal. Thus, the purpose of this study is to identify the adsorbility and its functional mechanism of charcoal relations to stream environmental improvement by laboratory experiments with charcoals made on thinnings of Japanese ceder and several kind of broad-leaved trees, marketing charcoal for recreational uses and Bench-tan (Japanese traditional charcoal). Overall descriptions and results of laboratory experiments are follows.1) After entering 500g of each charcoal into 15l of distilled water, the nutrient-concentration fluctuations with time attributed to elution were measured with ion chromatography. It was indicated that charcoal made on thinnings of Japanese cedar contains considerably lower concentrations of ClィイD1-ィエD1 and … More KィイD1+ィエD1 than marketing charcoal for recreational uses and Bincho-tan, and the composition of charcoal made on thinnings of Japanese cedar remarkably pour. These impurities of marketing charcoal for recreational uses and Bincho-tall would be based on the differences of manufacturing process such as temperature of charcoal making. Since these eluted nutrients should interfere with adsorbility of charcoals.2) It was suggested that adsorbility of charcoal made on thinnings of Japanese cedar is as strong as that of Bincho-tan. It would be because that charcoal made on thinnings of Japanese cedar contains considerably high porosity.3) 50g of charcoal made on thinnings of Japanese cedar shattered into fragments with an average diameter of approximately 0.5m were placed in a stainless-basket and hunged in water containing 1500 ppm suspended particles with a diameter of smaller than 50μm which were sampled in Okinawa Island in order to estimate the absorbility of charcoal made on thinnings of Japanese cedar. SS concentration of the water were reduced from 1500 ppm to 40 ppm during 7 days and the remarkable adsorbility of charcoal made on thinnings of Japanese cedar available for suspended particles was shown. The adsorbility of charcoal made on thinnings of Japanese cedar rises up to five-fold by disturbing the water using magnetic stirrer because the contact time of particles with charcoal made on thinnings of Japanese cedar becomes longer. This process eliminating suspended particles rapidly was named "disturbing filtration".4) The adsorption rate of charcoal made on thinnings of Japanese cedar by disturbing filtration is more than 5 times as fast as ordinary filtration which passes water containing suspended particles through charcoal layer simply. Less

如今，木炭因其卓越的吸附性而被应用于土壤和水质改良等许多领域。然而，人们对木炭的吸附作用和作用机制尚未正确认识，普遍存在对木炭的模糊认识。因此，本研究的目的是通过对日本雪松和几种阔叶树间伐木炭、娱乐用营销木炭和 Bench-tan（日本传统木炭）进行实验室实验，确定木炭关系的吸附性及其作用机制，以促进环境改善。实验室实验的总体描述和结果如下。1)将500g每种木炭放入15l蒸馏水中后，用离子色谱法测量归因于洗脱的营养物浓度随时间的波动。结果表明，与市场销售的休闲用木炭和备长炭相比，用日本柳杉的间伐物制成的木炭含有的ClィイD1-ィエD1和… More KィイD1+ィエD1的浓度显着降低，并且用日本柳杉的间伐物制成的木炭的成分显着降低。休闲用木炭和备长木炭的这些杂质是由于木炭制作温度等制造工艺的差异而产生的。因为这些洗脱的营养物质会干扰木炭的吸附性。2)有人认为，用日本雪松间伐物制成的木炭的吸附性与备长炭的吸附性一样强。这是因为日本柳杉刨花制成的木炭具有相当高的孔隙率。 3) 将 50 克日本柳杉刨花粉碎成平均直径约为 0.5 m 的碎片制成的木炭放入不锈钢篮中，并悬挂在含有 1500 ppm 直径小于 50 μm 的悬浮颗粒的水中，该水是在冲绳岛取样的，以便估算日本雪松疏伐物制成的木炭的吸收性。 7 天内，水中的 SS 浓度从 1500 ppm 降至 40 ppm，日本雪松间伐片制成的木炭对悬浮颗粒具有显着的吸附力。通过使用磁力搅拌器扰动水，由于颗粒与日本柳杉疏伐物制成的木炭的接触时间变长，日本柳杉疏伐物制成的木炭的吸附性提高至五倍。这种快速消除悬浮颗粒的过程被称为“扰动过滤”。4）扰动过滤在日本柳杉疏伐物上制成的木炭的吸附速度比简单地使含有悬浮颗粒的水通过木炭层的普通过滤快5倍以上。较少的