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Improvement of Water and Soil Conditions of Stream with Charcoal Made on Thinnings of Japanese Cedar

用日本柳杉间伐木炭改善溪流水土状况

基本信息

批准号：
10660154
负责人：
KITAMURA Hirokazu
金额：
$ 0.83万
依托单位：
Minamikyushu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10660154/
关键词：
thinnings charcoal of Japanese cedar adsorbility infiltration capacity suspended particle stream environment disturbed filtration citizens' campaign planting environment 攪乱吸着溶存性BOD 流木処理

项目摘要

Nowadays, charcoal is used in many fields, such as soil and water quality improvement, because of its remarkable adsorbility. However, the effects and functional mechanism of adsorption of charcoal has not been varied correctly, prevailing vague image for charcoal. Thus, the purpose of this study is to identify the adsorbility and its functional mechanism of charcoal relations to stream environmental improvement by laboratory experiments with charcoals made on thinnings of Japanese ceder and several kind of broad-leaved trees, marketing charcoal for recreational uses and Bench-tan (Japanese traditional charcoal). Overall descriptions and results of laboratory experiments are follows.1) After entering 500g of each charcoal into 15l of distilled water, the nutrient-concentration fluctuations with time attributed to elution were measured with ion chromatography. It was indicated that charcoal made on thinnings of Japanese cedar contains considerably lower concentrations of ClィイD1-ィエD1 and … More KィイD1+ィエD1 than marketing charcoal for recreational uses and Bincho-tan, and the composition of charcoal made on thinnings of Japanese cedar remarkably pour. These impurities of marketing charcoal for recreational uses and Bincho-tall would be based on the differences of manufacturing process such as temperature of charcoal making. Since these eluted nutrients should interfere with adsorbility of charcoals.2) It was suggested that adsorbility of charcoal made on thinnings of Japanese cedar is as strong as that of Bincho-tan. It would be because that charcoal made on thinnings of Japanese cedar contains considerably high porosity.3) 50g of charcoal made on thinnings of Japanese cedar shattered into fragments with an average diameter of approximately 0.5m were placed in a stainless-basket and hunged in water containing 1500 ppm suspended particles with a diameter of smaller than 50μm which were sampled in Okinawa Island in order to estimate the absorbility of charcoal made on thinnings of Japanese cedar. SS concentration of the water were reduced from 1500 ppm to 40 ppm during 7 days and the remarkable adsorbility of charcoal made on thinnings of Japanese cedar available for suspended particles was shown. The adsorbility of charcoal made on thinnings of Japanese cedar rises up to five-fold by disturbing the water using magnetic stirrer because the contact time of particles with charcoal made on thinnings of Japanese cedar becomes longer. This process eliminating suspended particles rapidly was named "disturbing filtration".4) The adsorption rate of charcoal made on thinnings of Japanese cedar by disturbing filtration is more than 5 times as fast as ordinary filtration which passes water containing suspended particles through charcoal layer simply. Less

目前，木炭因其具有良好的吸附性能而被广泛应用于土壤和水质改良等领域。然而，人们对活性炭的吸附效果和作用机理的认识并不正确，对活性炭的认识也很模糊。因此，本研究的目的是通过实验室实验，确定木炭的吸附性及其功能机制的关系，以溪流环境改善日本雪松和几种阔叶树的间伐，商业木炭用于娱乐用途和Bench-tan（日本传统木炭）。实验室实验的总体描述和结果如下。1）将500 g每种活性炭加入15 l蒸馏水中后，用离子色谱法测量归因于洗脱的营养物浓度随时间的波动。结果表明，在日本雪松间伐物上制得的木炭含有相当低浓度的Cl-[OH]-D1-[OH]-D1， ...更多信息 K D1+ D1比营销木炭用于娱乐用途和Bincho-tan，和组成的木炭上的日本雪松的稀疏显着倒。这些用于娱乐用途的销售木炭和Bincho-tall的杂质将基于制造过程的差异，例如木炭制造的温度。由于这些洗脱的营养物质会干扰木炭的吸附性。2）有人建议，日本雪松间伐物上制成的木炭的吸附性与Bincho-tan一样强。这可能是因为在日本雪松间伐物上制成的木炭含有相当高的孔隙率。3）将50 g在日本雪松间伐物上制成的木炭粉碎成平均直径约为0.5 m的碎片，在冲绳采样的含有1500 ppm直径小于50μm的悬浮颗粒的水中，日本雪松间伐物制成的木炭的可吸收性。在7天内，水中的SS浓度从1500 ppm降低到40 ppm，并且显示出日本雪松间伐物上制成的木炭对悬浮颗粒的显著吸附性。通过使用磁力搅拌器干扰水，日本雪松间伐物上制成的木炭的吸附性上升到五倍，因为颗粒与日本雪松间伐物上制成的木炭的接触时间变长。这种快速去除悬浮物的过程被称为“扰动过滤”。4）日本柳杉间伐材上制得的活性炭对悬浮物的吸附速度是普通过滤法的5倍以上。少