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Control of wood properties by the impregnation of natural compounds and its mechanism

天然化合物浸渍控制木材性能及其机理

基本信息

批准号：
10660164
负责人：
MINATO Kazuya
金额：
$ 2.3万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

It has been found that the internal friction of wood decreases by the impregnation of the water soluble extractives obtained from pernambuco (Guilandina echinata) and logwood (Haematoxylon campechianum), which glow in tropical forest. Such decrease of internal friction has never observed by the impregnation of any chemical compounds. At first we identified the main components of pernambuco extractives being protosappanin B and brazilin. Because the extractives of logwood is known to be hematoxylin (commercially available), it was found that all compounds which decrease the internal friction belong to chroman compound having a common chemical structure. Meanwhile, we studied why these compounds decrease the internal friction. Though these compounds adsorb to wood by a secondary bond, when wood takes up much water, the internal friction increased because of loosening of the bond. The effect of impregnation on internal friction did not differ even after methylation of phenolic hydroxyl groups of hematoxylin. Further, the impregnation of some synthesized compounds, which have common structure with hematoxylin, did not decrease the internal friction. From these results, it was suggested that the required conditions to decrease the internal friction are size and rigidity of molecule as well as the ability to make strong hydrogen bonds.Natural compounds which have resistibility to the fungal and termite attacks were searched. A Brazilian wood (Bagassa guianensis) showed high durability, and we found out some compounds which have anti-fungal and anti-termite properties. Further, the darken part of Japanese kaki resisted to the attacks by fungi and termite. This may be attributed to the polyphenols.The results obtained here presented at meetings, symposiums and on magazines.

研究发现，通过浸渍从热带森林中发光的伯南布哥 (Guilandina echinata) 和红木 (Haematoxylon Campechianum) 中获得的水溶性提取物，可以减少木材的内摩擦。通过浸渍任何化合物从未观察到这种内摩擦的降低。首先，我们确定了伯南布哥提取物的主要成分是原苏木素 B 和巴西木。由于已知原木的提取物是苏木精(市售)，因此发现所有降低内摩擦的化合物都属于具有共同化学结构的苯并二氢吡喃化合物。同时，我们研究了为什么这些化合物可以减少内耗。虽然这些化合物通过二次键吸附在木材上，但当木材吸收大量水分时，由于键的松动，内部摩擦力增加。即使在苏木精的酚羟基甲基化之后，浸渍对内摩擦的影响也没有变化。此外，一些与苏木精具有共同结构的合成化合物的浸渍并没有降低内摩擦。从这些结果表明，减少内摩擦所需的条件是分子的尺寸和刚性以及形成强氢键的能力。寻找对真菌和白蚁攻击具有抵抗力的天然化合物。巴西木材（Bagassa guianensis）表现出很高的耐用性，我们发现了一些具有抗真菌和抗白蚁特性的化合物。此外，日本柿子的深色部分可以抵抗真菌和白蚁的侵袭。这可能归因于多酚。这里获得的结果在会议、研讨会和杂志上发表。