DEVELOPMENT OF THINNING AND INTRAROW WEEDING MACHINE FOR DIRECT SOWING SUGAR BEET USING IMAGE PROCESSING

利用图像处理开发直播甜菜间苗间除草机

• 批准号: 10660237
• 负责人: HATA Shun-ichi
• 金额: $ 2.24万
• 依托单位: HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10660237/
• 关键词: automatic thinning; automatic weeding; image processing; weed discrimination; image color information; discrimination by shape; 判別分析

The reduction of herbicide use and working hours in the sugar beet cultivation are an urgent problem. Therefore, the development research of the automatic thinning and weeding machine for direct sowing sugar beet using image processing was carried out. While the discrimination of sugar beet and weed was tried by color and form of the plant image photographed by the video camera, and thinning and weeding mechanism was produced experimentally. Results obtained were as follows;1) On the method for separating the plant from the background soil, it was possible to decide the optimum separation plane in the RGB space as a result of the experiment under various outside light conditions. As a result of trying the discrimination of sugar beet and weed using the color information of the image, 55〜78% weed was able to be distinguished by using Q-value of the YIQ color system.2) In the discrimination of sugar beet and weed by the shape, the linear discriminant function using seven shape characteristic was able to separate 91.7% of plant to sugar beet and weed. However, problems such as light environment control and wind shield requirement in photographing, and extraction method of partial feature of the leaf remained for the practical application.3) Computer controlled thinning and weeding mechanism was produced experimentally. It has two swing arms in which rotating disk blade is installed, and the computer controls the swinging operation. As a result of the performance test in crop row model composed of green paper, it was able to be operated at the accuracy within 【plus-minus】10mm. It is, however, necessary to improve the rotating disk for the practical application.

减少甜菜种植中除草剂的使用和工时是一个迫切的问题。为此，开展了基于图像处理技术的直播甜菜自动间苗除草机的开发研究。同时尝试了通过摄像机拍摄的植物图像的颜色和形状来区分甜菜和杂草，并实验性地产生了间伐和除草机制。结果表明：（1）在植物与背景土壤分离方法上，通过在不同外界光照条件下的实验，确定了RGB空间中的最佳分离面。利用图像的颜色信息对甜菜和杂草进行了识别试验，结果表明，利用YIQ颜色系统的Q值可以将55 ~ 78%的杂草区分开。2）在甜菜和杂草的形状识别中，利用7个形状特征的线性判别函数可以将91.7%的植物区分开。但在实际应用中还存在着诸如拍摄时的光环境控制、遮光要求、叶片局部特征提取方法等问题。3）实验制作了计算机控制的疏除除草机构。它有两个摆臂，摆臂内装有旋转圆盘刀片，摆动操作由计算机控制。在由绿色纸组成的作物行模型上进行了性能试验，其精度可达± 10 mm。然而，为了实际应用，有必要对旋转盘进行改进。