Study on Cultivation Way with Desalination of the Brackish Water

苦咸水淡化养殖方式的研究

• 批准号: 10660246
• 负责人: TAMAKI Koji
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: Tokyo University of Agriculture
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10660246/
• 关键词: saline land; desalination; solar distillation; vapor irrigation; pond; Thailand; solar energy; タイ; 太陽熱利用; 蒸留; 節水潅がい; 水蒸気潅がい; 都市農業

Because of deforestation, ecosystem has been devastated in Northeast of Thailand. More than 1.5million ha of area is nos affected by salt accumulation. In such area, water in ponds and groundwater are also including much salt, and there are many difficulties to use such water for agriculture.In this study, methods for effective utilization of the water in ponds and groundwater on saline land such as Northeast of Thailand were discussed.For desalination of the brackish water, a lot of ways as solar distillation methods were introduced. In this research, a new type of solar still was proposed. The system is separated ito two parts, one is evaporator and another is condenser, which forced to make vapor air condensed dirctly into the soil. This forced condensing process is called as the "Vapor irrigation".Some experiments of evaporation and condensation were carried out to evaluate the performance of the new type of solar still. In forced condensing process, it is important to increase the difference of temperature between water vapor and condensing surface. For that purpose, it might be effective to decrease heat losses of devices, to use heat collectors for increasing temperature of water vapor and to use the cooling devices like peltier element for decreasing temperature of condensign surface.With combining with PV drainage pump for groundwarer control, this study will be useful for recovering vegetalion on the saline land as Northeast of Thailand.

由于森林砍伐，泰国东北部的生态系统遭到了破坏。超过150万公顷的地区不受盐积累的影响。在这些地区，池塘里的水和地下水也含有大量的盐分，这些水用于农业有很多困难。本文对泰国东北部盐碱地的池塘水和地下水的有效利用方法进行了探讨。对于咸淡水的脱盐，介绍了太阳能蒸馏法等多种脱盐方法。本研究提出了一种新型的太阳能蒸馏器。该系统分为两个部分，一个是蒸发器，另一个是冷凝器，它迫使蒸汽空气直接凝结到土壤中。这种强制冷凝过程被称为“蒸汽灌溉”。为评价新型太阳能蒸馏器的性能，进行了蒸发和冷凝实验。在强制冷凝过程中，提高水蒸气与冷凝表面之间的温度差是很重要的。为了达到这一目的，减少设备的热损失，使用集热器来提高水蒸气的温度，使用冷却装置如珀尔帖元件来降低冷凝表面的温度可能是有效的。结合光伏排水泵控制地下水，对泰国东北部盐碱地植被恢复具有一定的指导意义。