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Effects of menstrual cycles on the human circadian clock

月经周期对人体生物钟的影响

基本信息

批准号：
10670068
负责人：
SHINOHARA Kazuyuki
金额：
$ 2.11万
依托单位：
Yokohama City University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10670068/
关键词：
circadian rhythm suprachiasmatic nucleus estrogen progesterone gap junction coupling ギャップ結合直腸温

项目摘要

On the day of the estrous cycle during which blood levels of estradiol are high, female hamsters start their nocturnal activity phase earlier, This change in the locomotor activity rhythm throughout the estrous cycle may be caused by a direct effect of estrogen and progesterone on the circadian clock. However, it has not been reported that human females show a menstrual variation in circadian rhythms. We examined the effects of the menstrual cycle on circadian rhythms in 6 healthy women and 6 women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS). We measured circadian rhythms of wrist activity and temperature as well as plasma concentration of melatonin in the follicular phase (FP) and luteal phase (LP). In healthy women and PMS women, there was no menstrual change in circadian rhythms in sleep and temperature. However, the onset of the nocturnal melatonin rise was delayed by about 1 hr in the LP in PMS women although no phase shift was observed in healthy women. Therefore, estrous changes in circadian rhythm as observed in rats may be inhibited in human females. We observed a PMS woman who showed alternative phase shifts in the sleep, temperature and melatonin rhythms in the menstrual cycle : progressive phase advances in the follicular phase and phase delays in the luteal phase in a way similar to hamsters. We speculated that disturbance of the inhibition mechanism might be involved in this subject. To clarify the etiology of this disease, we examined the effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) on the expression of an interneuronal gap junction gene connexin-32 mRNA in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the site of the circadian clock. E2 increased connexin-32 mRNA in the SCN. Dysfunction of interneuronal communication in the SCN bay be involved in the mechanism of this disease since we have shown that gap junction couple neurons in the rat SCN.

在雌性仓鼠的发情周期中，血液中雌二醇水平较高的那一天，雌性仓鼠的夜间活动开始得更早，这种在整个发情周期中运动活动节律的变化可能是由雌激素和孕激素对生物钟的直接影响引起的。然而，还没有报道人类女性在生理节律中表现出月经变化。我们研究了6名健康女性和6名经前综合征（PMS）女性的月经周期对昼夜节律的影响。我们测量了腕部活动和体温的昼夜节律，以及卵泡期（FP）和黄体期（LP）的血浆褪黑激素浓度。在健康女性和经前综合症女性中，睡眠和体温的昼夜节律没有月经变化。然而，经前症候群中LP的夜间褪黑素升高延迟了约1小时，尽管在健康女性中没有观察到相移。因此，在大鼠中观察到的昼夜节律的发情变化可能在人类女性中被抑制。我们观察了一位经前症候群女性，她在月经周期中表现出睡眠、体温和褪黑素节律的交替相移：卵泡期的递进相移和黄体期的递进相移，其方式与仓鼠相似。我们推测这可能与抑制机制的紊乱有关。为了阐明这种疾病的病因，我们研究了17β-雌二醇（E2）对视交叉上核（SCN）中神经元间隙连接基因连接蛋白32 mRNA表达的影响，视交叉上核是生物钟的位置。E2增加SCN中连接蛋白32 mRNA的表达。由于我们已经证明大鼠SCN中存在间隙连接偶联神经元，因此SCN中神经元间通讯功能障碍可能参与了该疾病的机制。