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Properties of epidermal proteins against microorganisms

表皮蛋白对抗微生物的特性

基本信息

批准号：
10670815
负责人：
TAKAHASHI Masae
金额：
$ 2.11万
依托单位：
Kinki University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

One of the biological functions of skin is the protection of living body against microorganisms, ultraviolet rays and so on. Cell membrane of the stratum corneum, the outside layer of the skin, is thick cell envelope composed several proteins and called cornified envelope. So it is a physical barrier. On the other hand, there must be some proteins which have anti-microorganism activity in the skin. We have investigated the properties of cystatin α and bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI)-like protein in skin. Cystatin α is a cysteine protease inhibitor, belonging to cystatin super family 1, in keratohyalin granules and the cornified envelope. The cornified envelope also inhibited the activity of cysteine protease. Cystatin α inhibited activities of cysteine proteases produced by poliovirus and Staphylococcus aureus V8, and growth of the virus and bacteria. Cystatin α would play a role as a barrier against microorganisms on the skin surface. BPI-like protein located in the cytoplasm of the inner root sheath cells in human and rat skin. And it inhibited endotoxin activity. A lot of bacteria locate in the inner root sheath as well as in sweat gland. Therefore, BPI-like protein could inhibit growth Gram-negative bacteria that produce endotoxin in the skin.

皮肤的生物学功能之一是保护生物体免受微生物、紫外线等的侵害。皮肤的外层角质层的细胞膜是由几种蛋白质组成的厚细胞膜，称为角质膜。这是一个物理障碍。另一方面，皮肤中一定存在一些具有抗微生物活性的蛋白质。我们研究了皮肤中半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂α和杀菌/通透性增加蛋白（BPI）样蛋白的性质。半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂α是半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂，属于半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂超家族1，存在于透明角质颗粒和角膜包膜中。此外，该菌的外膜还能抑制半胱氨酸蛋白酶的活性。Cystatin α抑制脊髓灰质炎病毒和金黄色葡萄球菌V8产生的半胱氨酸蛋白酶的活性以及病毒和细菌的生长。Cystatin α可作为皮肤表面微生物的屏障发挥作用。BPI样蛋白定位于人和大鼠皮肤内根鞘细胞的胞质中。抑制内毒素活性。内根鞘和汗腺中有大量的细菌。因此，BPI样蛋白可以抑制皮肤中产生内毒素的革兰氏阴性菌的生长。