Experimental Study on Stereotactic Radiotherapy and Ir-192 High Dose Rate Brachytherapy of Liver Cancer

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To evaluate effect of stereotactic radiotherapy and Ir-192 high dose rate(HDR) brachytherapy on liver cancer, experimental study was performedusing normal liver and transplanted VX2 tumor in the rabbits. A dose of 40Gy at a distance 5mm from Ir-192 source was given to normal liver of rabbits. Histological findings of the liver 5 days after interstitial brachytherapy showed necrosis or apoptosis of hepatic cells and foreign body granuloma with hemorrhage. Hepatic cells at long distance from the source were essentially normal. VX2 tumors transplanted in the muscle of hind leg were irradiated by stereotactic radiosurgery system. A dose of 40 Gy was administrated to the whole tumor tissue. Histological findings of the tumor 5 days after stereotactic radiotherapy showed necrosis and apoptosis of almost all tumor cells. VX2 tumors were also irradiated by Ir-192 HDR interstitial brachytherapy. A dose of 40Gy at a distance 5mm from the source was given to VX2 tumors. Histological findings of the tumor 5days after brachytherapy showed necrosis or apoptosis of tumor cells near the source. Apoptosis and necrosis of hepatic cells and VX2 tumor cells were thought to be radiation effects. Therapeutic effect of stereotactic radiotheapy on VX2 tumors was superior to that of Ir-192 HDR brachytherapy, because of the difference of dose distributions.Streotactic radiotherapy may be a promising therapeutic tool for liver cancer. High dose administration to tumor at one time can be achieved by stereotactic radiotherapy without invasiveness.