Basic Research on Developing a Philosophy of Nursing.

本研究旨在建立护理哲学，这是任何尝试将护理领域系统化的基石。在过去的几十年里，日本见证了护理研究论文的激增，该领域的新知识也在稳步积累。护理学一直沉浸在实践经验中，拒绝尝试将其组织成一个系统化的学科，一个主要原因是很难使用现有的理论和传统的科学观点来掌握和阐明这个领域的纯粹复杂性和深度。然而，探索这种差异对于建立护理学的学术基础至关重要。需要调查的问题是护理到底是什么，它构成了什么类型的现象，它显示了什么属性。以此为出发点，本研究追溯了迄今为止护理理论家的思想。通过重新审视他们的想法并与他们进行对话，它考虑了以下几点：1。对护理哲学的需求（这种哲学的突出任务，它在日本有望完成的任务）护理艺术（什么是“护理艺术”，护理艺术中的技术概念，护理中的整体概念，直觉在理解病人中的意义）护理知识的类型（护理现实、护理现实）护理科学与哲学（复杂系统科学、混沌理论与护理研究的可能性）

This study aims to establish a philosophy of nursing, the cornerstone of any attempt to systematize the nursing field. Over the past several decades, Japan has witnessed a proliferation of research papers on nursing, and there has been a steady buildup of new knowledge in the field. A major reason that nursing has remained immersed in practical experience and refused attempts to organize it into a systematized discipline is the difficulty of using existing theories and conventional scientific perspectives to come to grips with and throw light on the sheer complexity and profundity of the field. However, exploring that discrepancy is essential to establishing an academic foundation for nursing. The question needs to be investigated of what exactly nursing is, what type of phenomenon it constitutes, what attributes it displays. With this as its point of departure, the present study traces the thinking of nursing theorists to date. By reexamining their ideas and engaging in a dialog therewith, it considers the following points : 1. The need for a philosophy of nursing (outstanding tasks for such a philosophy, what it would be expected to accomplish in Japan)2. The art of nursing (what is the "art of nursing, " the concept of technique in the art of nursing, the concept of holism in nursing, the significance of intuition in understanding patients)3. Styles of nursing knowledge (reality of nursing, actuality in nursing)4. The science and philosophy of nursing (the possibilities of complex systems science, chaos theory and nursing research)