A History Sociological Study about "Chikaraishi" - We can catch a glimpse of the modernization of Body in the atrophy of Chikaraishi -

关于“力石”的历史社会学研究——在力石的萎缩中窥见身体的现代化——

• 批准号: 10680038
• 负责人: NISHIMURA Hideki
• 金额: $ 0.96万
• 依托单位: KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10680038/
• 关键词: CHIKARAISHI; OBSERVANCE OF PASSAGE; TRADITIONAL BODY; MODERNIZATION OF BODY; PLAY; レクリェーション; 相撲; 力比べ; 軍事教練; 兵士; バンモチ; 宮相撲; 青年団

In the beginning of the Syowa period, "Chikaraishi" had already lessened the mean of the observance of passage related to a mode of labor. Generally "Chikaraishi" had been practiced as "play" of "a strength contest" at the time of festival or of contest of "sumo". That is, "traditional body" had not related to a mode of labor "agriculture", it had merely function in play and recreation. Such a transformation had depended on not only the policy of "modernization of body" - the diffusion of physical education at school and of athletic meeting - which had been devised in order to push forward "wealth and military strength of a nation" and "increase of production and promotion of industry" as the slogan of the government in the Meiji period, but also the social process of a transformation the loss of the means of "traditional body" by mean of the progress in technique of agriculture and a supply of chemical fertilizer and the intensity of the production.Thus, in the beginning of the Syowa period body had been modernized. On the other hand young people had played by carrying on the shoulder chikaraishi, on the other hand they had taken kindly to "a lively motion" and "quick locomotion" and "the conversion of a direction" and "a march standing in a row" by means of adhering to athletic meeting in the town and village and school.

在昭和时代初期，“千石”已经减少了遵守与劳动方式有关的通道的手段。一般来说，“Chikaraishi”已被实践为“发挥”的“力量比赛”在节日或比赛的“相扑”。也就是说，“传统身体”与“农业”劳动方式无关，它仅仅具有游戏和娱乐的功能。这种转变不仅依赖于明治时期政府为推动“国富民强”和“增产兴业”口号而制定的“身体现代化”政策--学校体育和运动会的普及，同时也是社会转型的过程，通过农业技术的进步、化肥的供应和生产的强度，“传统身体”的手段丧失了。因此，在昭和时期开始时，身体已经现代化。另一方面，年轻人通过肩膀上的赤石进行了比赛，另一方面，他们通过坚持在城镇和村庄和学校举行运动会，亲切地接受了“活泼的运动”和“快速运动”和“方向的转换”和“排成一排的游行”。