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A Study on the Possibility of Urban Wastewater Reuse for Fire Fighting and Recreational Activities

城市废水回用用于消防和娱乐活动的可能性研究

基本信息

批准号：
10680448
负责人：
ZHANG Sheng ping
金额：
$ 1.02万
依托单位：
Meijo University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10680448/
关键词：
earth disasters wter supply systems wter use for fire fighting recreational water use waster water reuse 防水用水水需要

项目摘要

For city struck by earthquake, water work system is likely to fail down mainly in transportation, and the any kind of water demand should be supplied by other water sources, such as river, pond, and wastewater. These regional water sources are to be evaluated as not a flow but a stock because they are easily exhausted without additional replenishment Although restoration of water work system would take main role of water supply for gradually increasing water demand, another way to utilize the regional water stock is required as preliminary work for emergency. However these were no discussion to compare the effect of restoration and preliminary works from a view point of improving water supply reliability. This study dealt with how to compose an evaluation model of availability of regional water stock other than water works in case of earthquake emergency. Water demands after the earthquake are restricted to fire-fighting and domestic water use. Probability of mass balance between gradually increasing water demand and supply both of restoring water work and using regional water stock sources is defined on condition that demand and supply obey independent normal distribution. Case study has shown indifference curve between the equipping regional water stock sources for emergency a priori and the restoring water work system a posterior. Water demand prediction methods after earthquake have also been proposed so to complete the planning methodology of urban water reuse for fire fighting after earthquake and recreational activities in ordinary time.

对于遭受地震袭击的城市，供水系统可能出现故障的主要是交通，任何一种用水需求都应该由其他水源来供应，例如河流、池塘和废水。这些区域水源不应被评价为流量，而是存量，因为如果不额外补充，它们很容易耗尽。虽然恢复供水系统将起到供水的主要作用，逐步增加用水需求，但需要另一种利用区域水存量的方式作为应急的前期工作。然而，这些并不是从提高供水可靠性的角度来比较修复和前期工作效果的讨论。本研究涉及如何构建地震紧急情况下除水厂以外的区域水资源可用性评估模型。震后用水需求仅限于消防和生活用水。在需求和供给服从独立正态分布的条件下，定义了恢复水工和利用区域水存量水源时逐步增加的用水需求和供给之间质量平衡的概率。案例研究显示了区域水源应急先验配置与水工系统事后恢复之间的无差异曲线。还提出了震后需水量预测方法，完成震后消防和平时娱乐活动的城市中水回用规划方法。