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Reevaluation of volcanic and seismic histories in Japanese historical ages based on mapping of blank periods of historical information

基于历史信息空白期测绘对日本历史时代火山地震史的重新评价

基本信息

批准号：
10680445
负责人：
KOYAMA Masato
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
Shizuoka University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1. This study clarified daily changes of amount of historical information in Rikkokushi, which are the most important chronicles describing the Japanese history from the Asuka period to the early Heian period (mainly during A.D.672-887). The number of Kanji characters of descriptions, which record phenomena and events day by day, were counted and regarded as a parameter for the amount of historical information. Although both the total information and the information about natural phenomena show similar tendency of increase with time, their amounts varies coincidently with changes of chronicle editors. Particularly, drastic increase of earthquake records at the chronicle boundary in A.D.850 suggests the change of editing policy of the chronicles. Thus, changes in earthquake frequency, which were calculated from the chronicle records, probably do not reflect the real seismicity in this period.2. This study also clarified monthly changes of the number of historical diaries, which were written by government officials or priests in and around Kyoto during A.D.887-1595. In this period, the decrease of historical information in A.D.887, which was caused by the end of the Rikkokushi, is the most drastic change.3. On the basis of the above results, this study reevaluated previous correlations between geological and historical records and pointed out their problems, which are of the A.D.878 Isehara earthquake, 762 Hida-Mino-Shinano earthquake, and 1331 Fuji earthquake. This study also pointed out the problems of commonly accepted views of changes in seismicity/volcanic activity, e.g. a seismicity peak in the 9th century in Japan, and a dormancy of Fuji Volcano during the 12-15th centuries.

1. 此次研究阐明了记述飞鸟时代至平安时代早期（主要是公元672 ~ 887年）日本历史的最重要的编年史《立国志》中历史信息量的逐日变化。记录每天发生的现象和事件的汉字字数被作为历史信息量的一个参数加以统计。虽然总信息和自然现象信息都表现出随时间增加的趋势，但其数量却随编者的变化而变化。特别是公元850年编年史边界地震记录的急剧增加，反映了编年史编纂政策的变化。因此，从年代学记录中计算出的地震频率变化可能不能反映这一时期的真实地震活动。这项研究还澄清了由公元887年至1595年期间京都及其周边地区的政府官员或牧师撰写的历史日记数量的月度变化。在这一时期，最剧烈的变化发生在公元887年，这是由战国末期引起的历史信息的减少。在此基础上，本文重新评价了公元878年前后的地质与历史记录的相关性，并指出了它们存在的问题石原地震，762年飞驒-新野地震，1331年富士地震。本研究还指出了普遍接受的地震活动/火山活动变化观点的问题，例如日本的地震活动高峰出现在9世纪，富士山火山在12-15世纪处于休眠状态。