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STUDIES ON THE EFFECTS OF DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES ON HUMAN HEALTH

柴油机尾气颗粒对人体健康影响的研究

基本信息

批准号：
10680522
负责人：
MORI Yoki
金额：
$ 1.6万
依托单位：
Health Sciences University of Hokkaido
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Diesel cars exhaust 30-100 times more particles(DEP) than gasoline engine cars. DEP is one of the most important air pollution substances, especially, in the big city. Previously, the authors found that DEP could react with oxygen to produce superoxide anion radical in vitro, and that buffer extract of DEP could inhibit the activity of catalase, namely, DEP could cause disease of respiratory organ by production of reactive oxygen intermediates(ROI) and inhibition of degradation of ROI.To know the mechanism of many biological effects of DEP on human health, it is required to find the methods for systematic isolation of compounds in DEP.In this project, we establish the methods for systematic isolation of compounds in DEP, and the effects of DEP on the complement activity was evaluated. Furthermore, we aimed to assess the effect of DEP on the endocrine system.1) DEP were extracted serially, with hexane, benzene, dichloromethane, methanol and 1M ammonia. About 80% of substances in DEP were extracted in this methods. With followed column chromatography by sillica gel, compounds in DEP were further isolated with the chemical properties. 2) Estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activities of eluates of DEP extract were evaluated. Estrogenic activity was not found in these extracts. On the contrary, anti-estrogenic activity was found in extracts of benzen, dichloromethane, and methanol, but not in that of hexane and ammonia. It was found that heterologous compounds in DEP extracts possess the ability to inhibit the activity of estrogen. 3) Buffer extract of DEP could activate the alternative pathway of human complement system. It was found that DEP contain many kinds of physiologically active compounds and could affect on human health with different mechanisms.

柴油汽车排放的颗粒物（DEP）比汽油发动机汽车多30-100倍。DEP是大气污染的主要物质之一，特别是在大城市。作者发现DEP在体外可与氧反应产生超氧阴离子自由基，DEP的缓冲提取物可抑制过氧化氢酶的活性，即DEP可通过产生活性氧中间体（ROI）和抑制ROI的降解而引起呼吸器官疾病。本课题建立了DEP中化合物的系统分离方法，并研究了DEP对补体活性的影响。1）用正己烷、苯、二氯甲烷、甲醇和1 M氨水连续提取DEP。DEP中约80%的物质被提取。采用硅胶柱层析法对DEP中的化合物进行了进一步分离和鉴定。2)评价了DEP提取物洗脱液的雌激素样活性和抗雌激素样活性。这些提取物中未发现雌激素活性。苯、二氯甲烷和甲醇提取物具有抗雌激素活性，而正己烷和氨水提取物无此活性。结果发现，DEP提取物中的异源化合物具有抑制雌激素活性的能力。3)DEP的缓冲提取物能激活人补体系统的旁路途径。研究发现，DEP中含有多种生理活性物质，对人体健康的影响机制各不相同。