A anthropological research about environmental cognition of fishermen and fun divers in Miyako Island.

位于伊拉哈马岛的萨拉哈马港是冲绳最先进的渔场之一。萨拉哈马人是没有足够土地耕种的专业渔民。随着现代化进程的加快，日本渔业纷纷向海外寻求渔场。但一些萨拉哈马渔民继续利用他们富饶的沿海进行潜水捕鱼。20世纪90年代，伊拉布地区开设了许多有趣的潜水商店，渔民和商店之间发生了许多纠纷，渔业合作社和潜水商店的代表召开了几次会议，对海权进行了规范。最后，他们同意，潜水商店将支付费用[.垂直划分的圆圈。]0标准杆一天的牧师。但大多数渔民对捕鱼权的讨论还不够深入，对渔民的渔区知识、地理认知、捕捞活动等方面的情况进行了调查。因此，我展示了传统的权利观。他们传统的海权与现代的陆权有很大的不同。现代土地权是以人所拥有的专属封闭区域为基础的。但他们的传统权利是基于对每个用户的深入了解，这个领域对每个人都是开放的。造成麻烦的最大原因是有趣的潜水员忽视了渔民的传统知识。

Sarahama harbor at Irabu Island is one of the advanced fishing places in Okinawa. Sarahama people are specialized fishermen who do not have enough land for cultivation. With the modernization Japanese fishing industries seek their fishing place to the oversea. But some Sarahama fishermen continue to use their rich costal sea for dive fishing. In'90s number of fun diving shops have started work in Irabu area and there happened many trouble between fisharmmen and shops.The fishery cooperative society and delegates of diving shops had meeting several times and regulate the marine right. Finally they agree that diving shops will pay the fee 【.vertically divided circle.】0 par a parson par a day. But most of fishermen still felt uneasiness because they can't have enough discussions about fishing right.I research the fishermen's knowledge of fishing area, their geographical cognition, and their fishing activities. As a result I show the traditional viewpoint of right. Their traditional marine right is very different from the modern land right. The modern land right is based on the exclusive enclosed area owned by a person. But their traditional right is based on the deep knowledge of each user and the area is open for everyone. The biggest cause of the trouble is the fun diver ignore the fishermen's traditional knowledge.