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Structural Studies of Supercritical Fluid Metals using Synchrotron Radiation

Structural Studies of Supercritical Fluid Metals using Synchrotron Radiation
使用同步辐射进行超临界流体金属的结构研究
批准号:
11102004
负责人:
TAMURA Kozaburo
金额:
$168.9万
依托单位国家:
日本
项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research
财政年份:
1999
资助国家:
日本
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
1999 至 2003

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中文摘要
翻译
我们对汞、Rb和Se等膨胀流体金属进行了结构研究,重点研究了金属-非金属(M-NM)转变。这些物质是M-NM跃迁离子随体积膨胀而发生的典型例子。HG是一种二价金属,发生威尔逊类型的M-NM转变。在流体Rb的M-NM转变中,电子关联被认为起着关键作用。Se是一种液体半导体,表现为半导体-金属-绝缘体的膨胀相变。我们利用Spring-8的同步辐射,测量了在温度高达2000K,气压高达2000bar的情况下,在液汽临界点周围从液体到稠密蒸汽的宽密度区域内的X射线衍射、小角X射线散射和非弹性X射线散射。我们已经积累了S(Q)、g(R)和S(q,ω)等静态和动态构造数据。我们已经获得了重要的结果,表明M-NM转变与结构变化之间有很强的相关性。例如,流体汞的小角X射线散射测量表明,伴随着M-NM相变出现了一个微弱的密度涨落。从流体汞的非弹性X射线散射测量中,我们观察到在M-NM过渡区有一个快声音。声速是超音速的三倍。快声与时空尺度为nm和ps的局域结构的涨落有很强的联系,这可能导致M-NM相变。在Rb和Se方面,我们也取得了重要的结果。对于流体Rb,我们已经开发了一种钼电池,它的使用使我们能够研究直到超临界区域的结构。
英文摘要
We have performed structural investigations on expanded fluid metals such as Hg, Rb and Se focusing on the metal-nonmetal (M-NM) transition. These substances are typical examples in which the M-NM transit ion occurs with volume expansion. Hg is a divalent metal and the M-NM transition with the Wilson type takes place. In the M-NM transition of fluid Rb the electron correlation is considered to play a key role. Se is a liquid semiconductor which shows the semiconductor-metal-insulator transition with expansion.We have measured x-ray diffraction, small angle x-ray scattering and inelastic x-ray scattering at temperatures up to 2000 K and pressures up to 2000 bar with He gas compression, in the wide density region from liquid to dense vapor surrounding the liquid-vapor critical point, by the use of synchrotron radiation at SPring-8. We have accumulated structural data of static and dynamic ones such as S(Q), g(r) and S(Q,ω). We have obtained important results showing strong correlation between the M-NM transition and the structural change. For example, small angle x-ray scattering measurements for fluid Hg reveals that a weak density fluctuation appears accompanying the M-NM transition. From the inelastic x-ray scattering measurement for fluid Hg we have observed a fast sound at the M-NM transition region. The sound velocity is triple the ultrasonic velocity. The fast sound is strongly connected with the fluctuation in the local structure with the time-and-space scale of nm and ps which may induce the M-NM transition. In Rb and Se we have also obtained important results. For fluid Rb we have developed a molybdenum cell the use of which enabled us the structural studies up to the supercritical region.
期刊论文(163)
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会议论文
F.Shimojo: "Bonding Properties of Liquid Tellurium under Pressure : A Maximally Localized Wannier Function Approach with Ultrasoft Pseudo-potentials"J.Phys.Soc.Jpn.. 72. 2417-2420 (2003)
F.Shimojo:“压力下液态碲的结合特性:具有超软赝势的最大局域万尼尔函数方法”J.Phys.Soc.Jpn.. 72. 2417-2420 (2003)
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T.Itami: "Structure of liquid Sn over a wide temperature range from neutron scattering experiments and first-principles molecular dynamics simulation : A comparison to liquid Pb"Phys.Rev.B. 67. 064201 (2003)
T.Itami:“中子散射实验和第一原理分子动力学模拟在宽温度范围内的液态锡结构:与液态铅的比较”Phys.Rev.B。
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K.Matsuda: "Molybdenum cell for x-ray diffraction measurements of f luid alkali metals at high temperatures and high pressures"Rev.Sci.Instrum.. 75. 709-712 (2004)
K.Matsuda:“用于高温高压下流体碱金属 X 射线衍射测量的钼池”Rev.Sci.Instrum.. 75. 709-712 (2004)
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R.Goto: "The Semiconductor-Metal Transition in the Liquid In_2Te_3, Studied by ab initio Molecular-Dynamics Simulations"J.Phys.Soc.Jpn.. 73. 956-963 (2004)
R.Goto:“液体 In_2Te_3 中的半导体-金属转变,从头开始分子动力学模拟研究”J.Phys.Soc.Jpn.. 73. 956-963 (2004)
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共 151 条
    Compton Scattering Measurements for Expanded Fluid Alkali Metals : Studies on the Instability of the Low-density Electron Gas
    • 批准号:
      19204040
    • 项目类别:
      Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
    • 资助金额:
      $25.71万
    • 财政年份:
      2007
    • 负责人:
      TAMURA Kozaburo
    • 依托单位:
    STUDIES ON STATIC AND DYNAMIC STRUCTURE OF EXPANDING FLUID ALKALI METALS BY USING SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
    • 批准号:
      16206063
    • 项目类别:
      Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
    • 资助金额:
      $23.46万
    • 财政年份:
      2004
    • 负责人:
      TAMURA Kozaburo
    • 依托单位:
    Photo-induced Structural Change and the Relaxation in Liquid Sulfur
    • 批准号:
      07454066
    • 项目类别:
      Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
    • 资助金额:
      $0.32万
    • 财政年份:
      1995
    • 负责人:
      TAMURA Kozaburo
    • 依托单位:
    The semiconductor-metal transition and the structural change in fluid selenium near the liquid-gas critical point.
    • 批准号:
      02452042
    • 项目类别:
      Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
    • 资助金额:
      $4.42万
    • 财政年份:
      1990
    • 负责人:
      TAMURA Kozaburo
    • 依托单位:
    海外基金