Radiation and Energy Balance Monitoring

总体而言，在西伯利亚、蒙古、中国、西藏和泰国精心挑选的站点建立了15个自动气象站，积累了宝贵的能量平衡数据。由于台站分布在不同的地理位置，地表能量分配的变化在时间和幅度上都存在差异。此外，还比较了一个AAN地面站与GAME和ECMWF再分析数据获得的地表通量，结果表明测量值与模型推导值非常吻合。此外，人们发现AAN数据对模型验证很有用，因为AAN站点覆盖了广泛的地理区域和气候，将模型或卫星产生的任何变量与AAN数据集进行比较，应该有机会对这些数据（以及模型或卫星测量本身）进行彻底验证。更多的天空辐射计和SKYNET站点是Sri Samrong（泰国，自1997年7月起），shouo - xian（中国，直到1999年3月）/合肥（中国，从1999年4月起），一个激光雷达和一个微波辐射计安装在Sri Samrong。根据GMS可见光和红外辐射数据估算了地表太阳辐射，并与GAME高精度辐射站点和SKYNET站点的观测值进行了比较。1997年、1998年和1999年的月平均地表辐射通量与观测值基本吻合。通过激光雷达监测得到云底高度统计数据。各站点提供的AAN数据已经过检查和处理，存档于筑波大学陆地环境研究中心的AAN数据中心，并通过AAN网站http://www.suiri.tsukuba.ac.jp/Project/aan/aan.html向科学界开放。此外，还制作了光盘版本，分发给无法方便进入数据中心的国家。少

Overall, 15 automatic weather stations were established and valuable energy balance data have been accumulated at carefully selected site in Siberia, Mongolia, China, Tibet, and Thailand. As a result of station deployment in geographically very different locations, difference in variations of surface energy partition regime, both in time and in magnitude were obtained. Also, comparisons of the surface fluxes obtained from one AAN surface station and from GAME and ECMWF reanalysis data were carried out and the results indicate very good agreement of the measurements and model derived values. Also, AAN data have been found useful for a model validation purposes, because AAN sites cover a wide range of geographical areas and climates, a comparison of any variables produced from a model or from a satellite against the AAN data sets should give opportunity for a thorough validation of these data (and, in turn, the model or the satellite measurements themselves). The SKYNET is a network of a … More sky radiometer and SKYNET sites are Sri Samrong (Thailand, since July 1997), Shou-Xian(China, until March 1999) /Hefei (China, from April 1999) A lidar, and a microwave radiometer were installed at Sri Samrong. The surface solar radiation was estimated from GMS visible and infrared radiance data and compared with the values observed at the GAME High Precision Radiation sites and SKYNET sites. Monthly mean values of the surface radiation flux in 1997, 1998, and 1999 are basically in good agreement with the observation. From the lidar monitoring, the cloud base height statistics was obtained. The AAN data have been checked and processed as they are provided from each station for archiving at the AAN data center at Terrestrial Environment Research Center of the University of Tsukuba, and are open to the scientific communities through the AAN web site at http://www.suiri.tsukuba.ac.jp/Project/aan/aan.html. Also a CD-ROM version has been produced for distribution to the countries without easy access to the data center. Less