Literary Representation and "Body" - in German Literature

这个项目是基于我们上一个项目《德国文学与媒体》(1995-1997)的《文学表现与媒体》。这个项目的目的是在媒介理论的背景下提出一个新的“身体”概念。这导致了以下三点1.科技媒体发展的每一个阶段都强烈地决定着身体结构。在浪漫主义文学中经常出现的眼镜和望远镜等图案证明，这些技术媒介通过改变眼睛和物体之间的距离彻底改变了感知方式。印刷术改变了人们的阅读方式，从公开表演转向私人房间。读一本书主要成了一件心事。另一方面，在摄影中，眼睛识别和呈现人类认知模式之外的物体，这些媒体(排版和摄影)的两种功能都可以被解释为以理性为中心及其相对化。因此，肉体在历史上是可变的，因此是权力的对象。例如，在启蒙文学中，以理性的名义控制性欲是一个流行的话题，被誉为阳刚的美德。在浪漫主义时期，文学与精神病学有着更为密切的联系。一方面有体验身体和宇宙的意图，另一方面有把病人作为物体任意对待的愿望。身体，只要它可以表现为纯真的自然，就是解放运动的焦点(例如现代舞)。当这种信仰消失时，文学和艺术在肉体被单独看到之前就对它产生了兴趣。因此，身体可以被称为人类中的物质“(例如，保罗·塞兰抒情诗中的碎片身体)。2003年，一个新的项目&lt；文学表现和记忆”-在德国文学与gt；(2003-2006)中开始了这些结果。

This project is based on our last project <Literary Representation and ,,Media" - in German Literature> (1995-1997). The purpose of this project was to present a new idea of "body" in the context of media theory. It resulted the following three points.1. Each stage of development of technological media intensely determines body construction. Motifs like glasses and telescope, which are found often in literature of Romanticism, prove that these technological media thoroughly changed the way of perception by changing the distance between eye and object. Typography changed the way of reading from public performances to private rooms. Reading a book mainly became matter of mind. On the other hand in the photography, the 0cbhanical ,,eye" recognizes and presents objects outside human cognition patterns, Both functions of these media (typography and photography) can be interpreted as logocentric and its relativization.2. Thus the body is historically mutable and therefore an object of power. For instance, in literature of Enlightment, control of sexual desire in the name of reason was a popular topic and was praised as masculine virtue. In the Romanticism, literature and psychiatry were closer connected. With the intention to experience the body and the universe on the one hand and with the desire to deal with patients as objects arbitrarily on the other hand.3. The body, as far as it is representable as innocent nature, was a focus of liberation movement (e.g. modern dance). When this faith vanished, literature and the arts became interested in the body before it could be seen individually. Thus body could be called something material in human" (e.g. the fragmented body in Paul Celans lyric).In 2003 a new project <Literary Representation and ,,Memory" - in German Literature> (2003-2006) starts on these results.