A Stydy on the He xi cave temples of south North Dynasties in China

中国南北朝河西石窟寺研究

• 批准号: 11610060
• 负责人: HIGASHIYAMA Kengo
• 金额: $ 2.24万
• 依托单位: Seijo University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11610060/
• 关键词: south and Noth Dynasties in China; buddhist Arts; stone Cave Temples; 中国河西地方

This is a study on the date of the construction and the characteristic of the Buddhist caves in the western part of Gan su shen, i.e. those built in South and North Dynasties (317-589) and left in He xi rejoin. They are such caves as Dun huang Mo gao ku caves 268, 272, 275, Wen shushan Qian shan Qian fo dong in Jiu quang, East and West Gin ta si caves, Ma ti si Qian fo dong caves 1, 2, in Zhang ye, and Tian ti shan caves1, 4, 18 in Wu wei. These caves are called He xi caves and held to be thevestige, which gives important information of the early Chinese arts. As to the date of their construction there is no consensus. There are two views : the one asserts that all of those caves were built before the establishment of North Dynasties of Northern Wei while the other maintains that some of them were constructed after that. As a clue todecide the matter we compare the mentioned caves with Yun gang caves (460-494) which Northern Wei built in the capital Da tong with all itsnational power i … More n its earliest period(386493). As the result we find relatively many commonalities among Wen shu shan Qian shan Qian fo dong, East and West Gin ta si caves. Ma ti si Qian fo dong caves 1, 2 and Yungang caves 17, 16 (465-471). As it is clear that some of their forms were transmitted from Yun gang caves 17, 16, we conclude that Wen shu shanQian shan Qian fo dong, East and West Gin ta si caves. Ma ti si Qian fodong caves 1, 2 were constructed probably between 465 and 471. Thatmeans ; there are two groups in He xi caves, the earlier and the later, and at least the caves mentioned above (the second group) were builtafter the establishment of Northern Wei dynasty simultaneously with the construction of Yun gang caves. On the another hand the caves of the second group built in the region neighboring to Central Asia are related to Central Asia cultural-geographically. For instance they are found in the mountains near an oasis. Moreover, the form of their molding and wall-painting shows clearly that they belong to imitate the Central Asian culture sphere ; they preserved their tradition to imitate the Central Asian arts. But imitation does not mean copy. They are not perfectly the same as Central Asian arts. So we can conclude that the second group of He xi caves which differs both from Central Asian and Yun gang arts, has its originality. Less

本文对甘肃西部佛教石窟即南北朝时期（317-589年）遗留在河西地区的佛教石窟的建造年代和特点进行了考证。它们是敦煌莫高窟第268、272、275窟，九广文书山千佛洞，张掖金塔寺东、西窟，马蹄寺千佛洞第1、2窟，武威天梯山第1、4、18窟。这些洞穴被称为河西洞穴，被认为是中国早期艺术的遗迹，提供了重要信息。至于建造日期，尚未达成共识。有两种观点：一种观点认为这些石窟都是在北方北朝建立之前建造的，另一种观点认为有些石窟是在北朝建立之后建造的。本文将此窟与北方魏倾全国之力在大同修建的云冈石窟（460-494年）作一比较，以资考证。 ...更多信息 在其最早的时期（386493）。结果发现，文殊山前山千佛洞、东、西金塔寺石窟之间有较多的共性。马蹄寺千佛洞第1、2窟和云冈第17、16窟（465-471）。根据云冈17、16号石窟的部分形制，我们认为，文殊山千佛洞、东、西金塔寺石窟是云冈17、16号石窟的遗存。马蹄寺千佛洞第一、二窟可能建于公元465 - 471年。这意味着;河西石窟有早、晚两组，至少上述第二组石窟是在北方建立后与云冈石窟同时修建的。另一方面，第二组石窟群建在中亚周边地区，与中亚文化地理有着密切的联系。例如，它们被发现在绿洲附近的山上。从造型和壁画的形式上看，它们属于模仿中亚文化圈，保留了模仿中亚艺术的传统。但模仿并不意味着抄袭。它们与中亚艺术并不完全相同。因此，我们可以得出结论，第二组河西石窟既不同于中亚艺术，也不同于云冈艺术，它具有独创性。少

项目成果

東山 健吾: "敦煌石窟における本生説話図の形式〜「シュヤーマ本生」図を中心に"美学美術史論集. 14. 1-22 (2002)

东山健吾：“敦煌石窟本抄插图的形式——以‘夏山本抄’插图为中心”，《美学与美术史集》14. 1-22 (2002)。

八木春生: "北魏時代後期の仏(道)教像にみられる漢民族の伝統画像について"佛教藝術. 245. 13-47 (1999)

八木春夫：“论北魏晚期佛教（道）造像中的汉人传统形象”《佛教艺术》245。13-47（1999）。

KENGO HIGASHIYAMA: "A Study on the Jataka painting Forms of Dun Huang"BIGAKU BIJYUTSU-SHI RONSHU. Nr14. 1-22 (2002)

东山健吾：《敦煌本生画形式研究》《美学美术-石论书》。

八木春生: "いわゆる「十神王像」について"芸術研究報(筑波大学芸術学群). 20. 58-72 (2001)

Haruo Yagi：“关于所谓的‘十神雕像’”艺术研究报告（筑波大学艺术学院）20. 58-72（2001）。

東山健吾: "河西石窟群の研究"成城大学文芸学部. 60 (2001)

东山健吾：“葛西洞窟的研究”，成城大学文学院 60 (2001)。