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A Sociological Study on Norm Consciousness

规范意识的社会学研究

基本信息

批准号：
11610188
负责人：
TOMOEDA Toshio
金额：
$ 1.98万
依托单位：
KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The main objective of this research project is to elucidate the process of change of norms in postwar Japanese society. In 2000, the first year of this research project, we carried out social research with a qustionnaire in order to investigate life style, norm consciousness and value orientation in Japanese people. In this social research, we paid attention to the three core norms in Japanese society ; (1)gender norms, (2)seniority norms, (3)norms about medical care(especially people's attitude to informed consent).In 2001, the second year of this research project, we did various statistical analyses of collected data. In this analyzing process of collected data, the principal methods we adopted are multiregreession analysis and logisitic regression analysis. As a result, we acquired the following four findings. (1)With regard to gender norms, we found increasing tendency of a negative view about sexual division of labor. Nevertheless, at the same time we found the mechanism which hinders men from doing houseworks. (2)With regard to seniority norms, on the consciousness level, most people are inclined to prfer merit system(in order words, achievement principle) to seniority system. But, in fact, in workplaces both merit system and seniority system are adopted. (3)With regard to norms about medical care, we found a gap between medical professionals and non medical professionals. Furthermore, we also found a difference of opinion between medical doctors and nurses. (4)Through three findings, we concluded that norm consciousness of Japanese people has slowly changed.

本研究项目的主要目的是阐明战后日本社会规范的变化过程。在2000年，也就是这个研究项目的第一年，我们通过问卷调查的方式进行了社会研究，以调查日本人的生活方式、规范意识和价值取向。在本次社会研究中，我们关注了日本社会的三个核心规范；(1)性别规范、(2)资历规范、(3)医疗保健规范（尤其是人们对知情同意的态度）。在2001年，这个研究项目的第二年，我们对收集到的数据进行了各种统计分析。在对收集到的数据进行分析的过程中，我们采用的主要方法是多元回归分析和logistic回归分析。因此，我们得到了以下四个发现。(1)在性别规范方面，性别分工的负面观点呈上升趋势。然而，与此同时，我们发现了阻碍男人做家务的机制。(2)在资历规范方面，在意识层面上，大多数人更倾向于绩效制（即成就原则）而不是资历制。但事实上，在工作场所，绩效制和工龄制都被采用。(3)在医疗服务规范方面，我们发现医疗专业人员与非医疗专业人员之间存在差距。此外，我们还发现医生和护士之间的意见差异。(4)通过三个发现，我们得出日本人的规范意识正在缓慢变化的结论。