Social Historical Research on Family Education in early 20th Century Germany

本研究旨在考察20世纪初德国是如何讨论家庭和家庭教育的，特别是注意到母亲节已经成为传播理想家庭的重要因素。母亲节一诞生于美国，就传播到了世界各地。它在德国被接受了。当时，德国对这场失败感到困惑，精神上的重新安排是一个迫切需要的主题。1925年成立了一个委员会来解决这个问题。它由民间团体、地方政府、知识者个人等组成。其中一个组成团体是大家庭联盟。该联盟展示了理想的家庭形象，并尝试了民间的重新安排，并以母亲节为重点。本研究分析了该联盟公告的变化。在母亲节，一个家庭和母亲被称赞，而一个家庭和一个女人被批评。这种论调与国家重建不无关系。魏玛德语中的家族论调表明，一种走向极权主义的途径已经开始。

This research aims at investigating how a family and family education were discussed in Germany of the 20th century beginning.Especially, I pays attention to Mother's Day's having become big role to spread the ideal Family.As soon as the Mother's Day was born in America, it spread out into the world. And it was accepted in Germany. At that time, Germany got confused by the defeat, and a mental rearrangement was the subject of a pressing need.A committee was established in 1925 to solve that subject. It was composed by a folks group, a local government, a knowledgeable person individual, and so on. One of the composition groups was the league of Large Family. This league showed an ideal family figure, and tried the rearrangement of the folk, and thought Mother's Day to be emphasis.A change in the bulletin of this league was analyzed by this research. A family and mother are praised on one side, and a family and a woman are criticized on the other side in the Mother's Day. Such argument isn't unrelated with the national reconstruction.The argument of the family in Weimar German shows that an approach run to the totalitarianism had begun.