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Ethno-Archaeological Study for the Change of Dwelling system and the Development of Social Complexity in the Late and Final Jomon Period

绳文时代末期居住制度变迁及社会复杂性发展的民族考古学研究

基本信息

批准号：
11610412
负责人：
MUTO Yasuhiro
金额：
$ 2.24万
依托单位：
Nara Women's University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The dwelling system of the Joraon period is roughly divided into two phases. The main constituent of the former and middle phases is a pit-dwelling, and the one of the late and final phases is a wooden cabin. It seems that the reliability of the pit-house as a dwelling is low from the ethno-archaeological viewpoint. On the other hand, it seems that the wooden cabin is the dwelling of high reliability. The evidence for this are found by comparative studies with the dwellings of hunter-gatherer-fisher of the North Pacific Coast and the archaeological studies for house and village ruins of the late and final Jomon period.Also, it is special feature in this period, villages were often formed on the river banks in the alluvial plain. It seems that this change caused by the food getting activity area changed to the alluvial plain. And accompanying this change, the resident area moved to the low land.It seems that the progress of the food getting system, particularly the vegetable diet, has an important meaning as the pre-adaptation of rice farming in the next period. On the other hand, the studies of the burial system of the Jomon period, especially burial goods were looked at as a Concern of the development of complex society. Specifically, it seems that the complex hunter-gatherer society existed in the late and final Jomon period with the evidence of a child with a special status found with rich burial goods.Also, as for the vegetable diet, the aeorn, horse-chestnuts were the major food resources of the Jomon period. Our database is compiled archaeological data mainly in the western Japan.

约拉翁时期的居住制度大致分为两个阶段。前、中期的主体是坑居，后期、最后期的主体是木屋。从民族考古学的角度来看，坑屋作为住宅的可靠性似乎很低。另一方面，木屋似乎是可靠性很高的住宅。通过与北太平洋沿岸狩猎采集渔民住宅的比较研究以及对绳文时代晚期和最终的房屋和村庄遗址的考古研究，可以找到这一点的证据。此外，这一时期的一个特点是，村庄通常形成在冲积平原的河岸上。看来这种变化是由于食物获取活动区域转变为冲积平原而引起的。而伴随着这一变化,居民区也向低地迁移。可见,食物获取制度尤其是蔬菜饮食的进步,对于下一时期稻作农业的前期适应具有重要意义。另一方面，对绳文时代丧葬制度尤其是随葬品的研究则被视为对复杂社会发展的关注。具体来说，绳文时代后期和末期似乎存在着复杂的狩猎采集社会，并有一个具有特殊地位的儿童随葬品丰富的证据。另外，就蔬菜饮食而言，栗子、七叶树是绳文时代的主要食物资源。我们的数据库主要是在日本西部收集的考古数据。