Flavonoid Variation and Speciation of the Genes Cyrtomium

该属从喜马拉雅山脉分布到日本。本研究从日本产的12个分类群中分离鉴定了日本和中国的金钱草、金鸡儿、凤眼莲等12个类群。主要成分为山奈酚3-O-葡萄糖苷和栎素3-O-葡萄糖苷两种黄酮醇，以及山奈酚和槲皮素的3-O-半乳糖苷和3-O-芦丁糖苷。山奈酚3-O-葡萄糖苷-7-O-鼠李糖苷，为该属植物中未见报道的山奈酚3-O-葡萄糖-7-O-鼠李糖苷。从多种植物中还检测到C-糖基黄酮类、异构体、牡荆素、异牡丹素和维克曼-2及其O-葡萄糖苷。稀有的C-甲基黄烷酮、法罗罗和环胞菌素及其7-O-葡萄糖苷均为分离鉴定的7-O-糖苷。虽然这些化合物是从紫花苜蓿中报道的，但本研究表明，黄烷酮类化合物仅在紫花苜蓿中合成，而在紫花苜蓿中未见报道。

The genus Cyrtomium was distributed to Japan from the Himalaya. Twelve taxa e.g. C falcatum, C. fortunei, C. macrophyllum, C. microtndusium etc. are natave to Japan.In this study, flavonoids of Japanese and Chinese Cyrtomium, Cyrtogonellum and Phanerophlebia species were isolated and identified from each taxd. Major compounds are two flavonols, kaempferol 3-O-glucoside and quercetin 3-O-glucoside in addition to 3-O-galactosides and 3-O-rutinosides of kaempferol and quercetin. Kaempferol 3-O-glucoside-7-O-rhamnoside, which was not reported in this genus, was also isolated from C, falcatum sensu stricto. C-Glycosylflavones, orientm isoorientm, vitexin, isovitexin and vicemn-2 and their O-glucosides were also detected from many taxa. However, they were minor compounds and sporadical in the genus.Rare C-methylated flavanones, farrerol and cyctominetin and thier 7-O-glucosides were isolated and identified from C, devexiscapulae and C, laetevirens. Though the compounds was reported from C, falcatum sensu lato, it was shown in this survey that the flavanones are only sythesized in C, devexiscapulae but not in C, falcatum sensu stricto.