Reconstruction of human male mating strategies by interspecific comparisons of testicular histology among primates

我们试图从灵长类动物（包括人类）精子竞争的组织学角度来验证精子竞争假说。通过尸检获得大猩猩（N=11）、黑猩猩（11）、猩猩（6）和人类（6）的睾丸样品。睾丸标本用HE、PAS-苏木素染色和睾酮免疫组化染色。在大猩猩中，11个标本中有6个没有显示生精上皮细胞的生精细胞结构。间质组织致密丰富，间质细胞丰富，黑猩猩生精上皮非常厚，生精细胞较多。间质组织相当疏松，有少量间质细胞。在猩猩中，精子发生相当活跃。间质组织丰富。顶体系统明显。计算大猩猩（N=11）、黑猩猩（5）、猩猩（4）和人类（1）样本的精子发生指数（SI）和减数分裂指数（MI）。大猩猩的平均SI和平均MI均显著低于黑猩猩和猩猩。大猩猩的精子生产率估计是黑猩猩的1/40和猩猩的1/8。人类的比例被认为是大猩猩的6倍，黑猩猩的1/7。

We attempted to verify sperm competition hypothesis in histological view of sperm competition in primates including human. Testicular samples of gorillas (N=11), chimpanzees (11), orangutans (6) and humans (6) were obtained by autopsies. The testicular preparations were stained with HE, PAS-hematoxylin and also immunohitochemical staining of testosterone. In gorillas, six specimens out of 11 did not show spermatogenetic cell architecture of seminiferous epithelia. Interstitial tissue were quite dense and plenty, and interstitial cells were abundant in it. In chimpanzees, seminiferous epithelia were extremely thick and many spermatogenic cells were observed. The interstitial tissue was quite loose with a few interstitial cells. In orangutans, spermatogenesis was rather active. The interstitial tissue was plenty. Acrosomic system was conspicuous. Spermatogenetic index (SI) and meiotic index (MI) were calculated for gorillas (N=11), chimpanzees (5), orangutans (4) and human (1) samples. Both mean SI and mean MI of gorillas was significantly lower than those of chimpanzees and orangutans. Sperm production rate of the gorilla was estimated to be 1/40 of the chimpanzee and 1/8 of the orangutan. The rate of the human was considered to be 6 times of the gorilla and 1/7 of the chimpanzee.