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New surveillance system using polarimetric radar for monitoring disastered area

使用偏振雷达监测灾区的新型监视系统

基本信息

批准号：
11650420
负责人：
YAMAGUCHI Yoshio
金额：
$ 2.05万
依托单位：
NIIGATA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11650420/
关键词：
Synthetic Aperture Radar FM-CW SAR Polarimetric radar Scattering matrix Disaster Monitoring

项目摘要

The purpose of the research project is to develope a new surveillance radar sytem to monitor disastered area using a polarimetric radar. The basic idea is as follows ; the polarization state of scattered wave from normal urban area will be different from that of area in case of disaster auch as earth quake because there will be building collapse. The difference in polarization state will serve as monitoring index to check the extent of disaster. In order to clarify and validiate the proposed method, we tried to use the full vector nature of electromagnetic information. The principle of radar polarimetry based on Sinclair scattering matrix brings us to classify targets by the following items :Characteristic polarization statePolarimetric enhancementDecomposition of scattering matrix into three basic types, sphere, diplane, helix.Polarimetric anisotropy coefficientPolarimetric entropyAt first, we made miniture of buildings in an echoic chamber in Niigata University and used a full polarimetric FM-CW radar system in the X-band to acquire scattering matrix. After the polarimetric calibration of the radar system, it worked as an accurate polarimetric radar.Then, the radar system was used as a new surveillance radar sytem to monitor collapsed buildings in a laboratory measurement. The decomposition of scattering matrix into 3 basic components provided quite satisfactory results, and it was verified the single bounce component increases as collapse increases. The index of polarimetric entropy also supported the similar results. It is confirmed that the radar is effective for monitoring, provided that polarimetric radar is used in a proper condition including precise repeat pass.

本研究计画的目的是发展一种新的监视雷达系统，利用极化雷达来监视受灾地区。其基本思想是：由于建筑物的倒塌，正常城区的散射波偏振态将不同于地震等灾害时的散射波偏振态。偏振态的差异将作为监测指标来检查灾害的程度。为了阐明和验证所提出的方法，我们试图使用电磁信息的全矢量性质。基于Sinclair散射矩阵的雷达极化测量原理，我们可以通过以下几项来对目标进行分类：特征极化状态极化增强将散射矩阵分解为三种基本类型：球形、双平面、螺旋形极化各向异性系数极化熵首先，我们在新泻大学的回波室中对建筑物进行了微缩，并在X波段使用全极化FM-CW雷达系统来获取散射矩阵。对该雷达系统进行极化校准后，作为一种精确的极化雷达工作，并将其作为一种新型的监测雷达系统，对倒塌建筑物进行了实验室测量。将散射矩阵分解为3个基本分量，得到了比较满意的结果，并验证了单次反弹分量随着塌陷的增加而增加。极化熵指数也支持了类似的结果。证明了极化雷达的有效性，只要极化雷达在适当的条件下使用，包括精确的重复通过。