Fundamental study on removal of harmful heavy metal from residual ash of burnt urban waste by means of polyvinyl chloride

聚氯乙烯去除城市垃圾焚烧余灰中有害重金属的基础研究

• 批准号: 11650769
• 负责人: SASABE Minoru
• 金额: $ 2.05万
• 依托单位: Chiba Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11650769/
• 关键词: Urban Waste; Residual Ash; Heavy Metal Oxide; Polyvinyl Chloride; Chlorination; Reaction rate; Temperature; Reduce; 重金属; CdO; Cr_2O_3; Cu_2O; NiO; PbO; ZnO; 都市ゴミ; 焼却炉灰; 鉛; 亜鉛; 銅; クロム; カドミウム

Residual ash of burnt urban waste contains large amount of heavy metal oxides. Due to the heavy metal oxides, it is impossible to dump the residual ash on a reclaimed land. An object of the research is fundamental study to dissolve the issue.It is attempt that the heavy metal oxides are reacted with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) in a reaction chamber, then produced gaseous chlorides are removed from the chamber. When the issue is dissolved, volume of wasted PVC is reduced also.No real ash but synthetic ash made from chemical agent are tested as sample. Solvent of the synthetic ash is Al_2O_3-CaO-SiO_2. Solutes are CdO, Cr_2O_3, Cu_2O, PbO and ZnO.It is revealed that CdO, Cu_2O, PbO and ZnO can be easily chlorinated. On the other hand chlorination of Cr_2O_3 by means of PVC is difficult.Chlorination rates can be expressed as apparent first order reaction equation for concentration of heavy metal oxide. Temperature dependency of the rate constants can be expressed by Arrhenius equation.

城市垃圾焚烧后的灰渣中含有大量的重金属氧化物。由于重金属氧化物，不可能将剩余的灰烬倾倒在填海土地上。本研究的目的是解决这一问题的基础性研究，尝试将重金属氧化物与聚氯乙烯（PVC）在反应室中反应，然后将产生的气态氯化物从反应室中去除。在解决问题的同时，也减少了PVC废弃物的体积，并以化学剂合成的灰为试样，不采用真实的灰。合成灰的溶剂为Al_2O_3-CaO-SiO_2。结果表明，CdO、Cu_2O、PbO、ZnO等易被氯化，而Cr_2O_3、Cu_2O、PbO等易被氯化。PVC对Cr_2O_3的氯化反应比较困难，氯化反应速率与重金属氧化物浓度之间可用表观一级反应方程表示。反应速率常数与温度的关系可用Arrhenius方程表示。

项目成果

T. Hirano, S. Yamashita and M. Sasabe: "Removal of chloride from wasted PVC by means of metal oxide"Current Advances in Materials and Processes. vol. 15. 247 (2002)

T. Hirano、S. Yamashita 和 M. Sasabe：“通过金属氧化物从废弃 PVC 中去除氯化物”材料和工艺的最新进展。

矢部 室恒, 山下 智司, 雀部 実: "Al_2O_3-SiO_2-CaO中の重金属酸化物の塩化ビニルによる除去"材料とプロセス. 16巻1号. PS17 (2003)

Murotsugu Yabe、Satoshi Yamashita、Minoru Suzube：“通过氯乙烯去除 Al_2O_3-SiO_2-CaO 中的重金属氧化物”材料与工艺，第 16 卷，第 1 期。PS17 (2003)。

T. Okuda, M. Sasabe and S. Yamashita: "Removal of heavy metal in ash from burnt urban west by means of wasted PVC"Current Advances in Materials and Processes. vol. 14. 233 (2001)

T. Okuda、M. Sasabe 和 S. Yamashita：“通过废 PVC 去除城市西部燃烧灰烬中的重金属”材料和工艺的当前进展。

平野隆之, 山下智司, 雀部実: "金属酸化物を用いた廃塩化ビニルからの脱塩素"材料とプロセス. 15. 247 (2002)

Takayuki Hirano、Satoshi Yamashita、Minoru Suzub：“使用金属氧化物从废氯乙烯中脱氯”材料和工艺。

M. Yano, S. Yamashita and M. Sasabe: "Removal of heavy metal oxide in Al_2O_3-CaO-SiO_2 by means of PVC"Current Advances in Materials and Processes. vol. 16. 17 (2003)

M. Yano、S. Yamashita 和 M. Sasabe：“通过 PVC 去除 Al_2O_3-CaO-SiO_2 中的重金属氧化物”材料和工艺的当前进展。