Template Synthesis of Mesoporous Carbons with Regular Pore Structure

指出了多孔炭中孔不仅在大分子吸附方面的重要性，而且在双电层电容器等新的应用方面的重要性。因此，设计和控制炭的介孔结构，对于提高炭的吸附性能和开发新的应用领域都是非常必要的。在介孔二氧化硅如MCM-41和FMS-16的生产中已经建立了用于控制介孔的精确技术，所述介孔二氧化硅含有直径从1.5至10 nm可调的六边形排列的一维孔。这些介孔二氧化硅材料是通过液晶模板机制制备的，其中有机表面活性剂分子自组装成六方排列的棒状胶束，并且这些有机棒在二氧化硅网络结构的形成过程中充当模板。最后在高温下对二氧化硅复合物进行热处理，将棒状胶束转化为一维p ...更多信息 在本研究中，这种结构调节的有机表面活性剂胶束已被用作模板合成具有规则孔结构的介孔碳。分别以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）和蔗糖为有机表面活性剂和碳前驱体。当它们在适当条件下溶于水时，由表面活性剂形成的棒状胶束呈六边形排列，蔗糖分子因此被移出胶束。然后，加入一定量的硫酸，从而由于蔗糖的脱水反应而使蔗糖聚合。通过200 ℃热处理进一步促进聚合。通过这些过程，我们可以获得胶束/蔗糖聚合物复合物，其中胶束的六方结构仍然保留。用X射线衍射仪证实了这种有序结构。可以预期的是，如果在高温下进一步热处理所得复合物以除去胶束，则将通过类似于上述的模板机制形成具有规则孔结构的中孔碳。少

The importance of mesopores in porous carbons has been pointed out not only for giant molecule adsorption, but also for new application such as electric double layer capacitors. Thus, the design and control of carbon mesoporosity is very desirable both for the improvement of adsorption performance and for the development of new application fields. A precision technique for controlling mesopores was already established in the production of mesoporous silica such as MCM-41 and FMS-16, which contain hexagonally arranged one-dimensional pores of tunable diameter from 1.5 to 10 nm. These mesoporous silica materials were prepared through a liquid crystal templating mechanism where organic surfactant molecules are self-assembled into hexagonal arrangement of rod-like micelles and these organic rods function as a template during the formation of silica network structure. Final heat-treatment of the silica complexes at a high temperature converts the rod-like micelles into the one-dimensional p … More ores.In the present study, such structurally regulated micelles of organic surfactants have been utilized as a template in synthesizing mesoporous carbons with regular pore structure. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and sucrose were used as organic surfactant and carbon precursor, respectively. When they were dissolved in water under proper conditions, rod-like micelles were formed from the surfactant into hexagonal arrangement and sucrose molecules were moved outside the micelles as a result. Then, some amount of sulfuric acid was added, thereby polymerizing sucrose due to its dehydration reaction. The polymerization was further promoted by heat treatment at 200 C.Through these processes, we could obtain micelle/sucrose polymer composite, in which the hexagonal structure of the micelles still remained. Such ordered structure in this composite was experimentally confirmed with an X-ray diffractometer. It is expected that, if the resultant composite is further heat-treated at a high temperature to remove the micelles, mesoporous carbon with regular pore structure would be formed by a templating mechanism similar to that described above. Less