Ultrasonic Effects in Electrochemical Processes

电化学过程中的超声波效应

基本信息

批准号：
11650839
负责人：
ATOBE Mahito
金额：
$ 2.3万
依托单位：
Tokyo Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Reaction control of electrode processes is important in synthetic electrochemistry. Therefore, functionality-modification of the electrode interface has received much attention so far. In this work, a new concept for the electrode interface modification is established by means of ultrasonic effects.This approach governs the structure of the work.At first, a mechanistic study on ultrasonic effects in organic electrode processes was carried out. From experimental and theoretical considerations, it was varified that the effects are caused by promotion of mass transport in the electrode interface by ultrasonic irradiation at a power higher than the cavitation threshold value.Hence, influences of placement of electrolytic cell, electrode and ultrasonic oscillator on electrode reactions were also examined in order to establish a guideline for electrochemical application of ultrasounds. As a result, it was found that the electrode reactions were greatly affected by placement of the constituen … More ts since longitudinal ultrasonic waves traveling in liquid would cause reflection, interference and attenuation. Therefore, it is necessary to take account for the placement of constituents.Moreover, effects of ultrasounds on electroorganic processes have been extensively examined in a series of investigations. The current efficiency and / or product selectivity in electroorganic reactions were found to be greatly affected by ultrasonic waves. In addition, the two- and three-dimentionally dense and uniform polymer films could be prepared by electrooxidative polymerization under ultrasonic irradiation.It was also found that stereoselectivity in the reductive debromination of vic-dibromides remakably depends on the frequency of ultrasounds. In particular, the stereoselectivity was controlled by a novel effect of ultrasounds at MHz ranges, alternatively to the cavitation phenomenon at kHz ranges. From the mechanistic consideration, it was found that the effect of ultrasounds at MHz ranges is due to the ultrasonic reluxation of vic-dibromides. This fact would produce a new developments in sonochemistry.From this study, it was stated that ultrasounds offer a useful method for purposive reaction control in a variety of electroorganic processes. Less

电极过程的反应控制在合成电化学中很重要。因此，到目前为止，电极界面的功能调节已引起了很多关注。在这项工作中，通过超声效应建立了一个新的电极界面修饰概念。该方法控制着工作的结构。首先，进行了有机电极过程中超声波效应的机械研究。从实验和理论考虑中，它……更多的TS，发现该作用是由于超声辐照在电极界面中促进质量传输引起的，其功率高于空化阈值的价值。因此，电解电池，电极，超声振荡器对电极反应的放置的影响还以对电极反应进行了检查，以建立一个指南，以建立一个指南。结果，发现电极反应受到组成的放置极大地影响……更多的TS，因为纵向超声波在液体中旅行会导致反射，干扰和衰减。因此，有必要考虑到构成的放置。此外，超声对电子过程的影响在一系列研究中已经进行了广泛的研究。发现电子反应中的当前效率和 /或产品的选择性受到超声波的极大影响。此外，在超声辐射下的电氧化聚合物化可以制备二维和三维的密集和均匀的聚合物膜。还发现，VIC - 核苷降低的VIC-Dibromides的脱酰胺的立体选择性可重复地取决于超声波的频率。特别是，立体选择性受到MHz范围内超声波的新作用的控制，或者是KHz范围的空化现象。从机械考虑的角度来看，发现超声在MHz范围内的影响是由于VIC-Dibromides的超声复制。这一事实将在声学上产生新的发展。从这项研究中，据指出，超声为在各种电机过程中实用反应控制提供了有用的方法。较少的