Product of Dissolved Organic-Inorganic Compound at a Northern Forest Basin and the Changes in the Stream

森林流域产生的溶解性有机物以有机-无机化合物的形式与土壤中的金属结合，排入河流。这种化合物含有铁，这是海藻的营养。溶解性有机-无机化合物是讨论从森林到海洋生态系统的重要因素。通过对北方森林流域水溶性有机质的产物、各种离子和重金属的迁移规律的研究，发现森林流域水溶性有机质的迁移规律与森林流域水溶性有机质的迁移规律相一致，而水溶性有机质的迁移规律与森林流域水溶性有机质的迁移规律相一致。这些研究是结合水文观测进行的，实验流域位于日本北海道的多雪地区。河川径流具有季节性波动，表现为融雪洪水-夏旱-秋雨洪水-冬旱.我们观察了森林系统全年以有机-无机化合物的形式向溪流供应生态系统所必需的铁。而在融雪期和雨洪期则有有害物质的排放，春季为硝酸和硫酸，秋季为铝的有机胶体。氮离子的增加值得注意。森林土壤的增加与积雪的存在密切相关。由于冬季积雪阻碍了冷物质的渗透，微生物的活动在冬季得以持续。这种微生物活性对采伐或翻耕引起的土壤条件变化较为敏感。这些结果表明，土壤性质的自然或人为变化影响硝酸的形成，并通过河流引起下游地区的环境变化。

Dissolved organic matter produced in forest basin discharges to stream in the form of organic-inorganic compound combined to the metal in soils. This compound contains Fe, which is nutrition for seaweed. Dissolved organic-inorganic compound is important factor in order to discuss about the ecosystem from forest to ocean. On the contrary, it is necessary to clear the discharge of the injurious matters for the ecosystem from forest basin.We investigated the products of dissolved organic matter and the movements of the various kinds of ions and heavy metals in northern forest basins. These investigations were made in connection with hydrological observations.The experimental basins located in snowy region in Hokkaido Japan. Stream flow has seasonal fluctuation, which is snowmelt flood - summer drought - autumn rain flood - winter drought. We observed the supply of Fe, which was indispensable for ecosystem, to the streams in the form of organic-inorganic compound from the forest system throughout the year. However the discharge of injurious matters, which are nitric and sulfuric acid in spring and organic colloid of Al in autumn, occurred in snowmelt and rain floods periods. The increase of nitric ion is worth noticing. The increase in the forested soils was closely related to the existence of snowcover. Because the snowcover prevent the penetration of cold content to soils, the activity of microbe continued during winter. This microbial activity at forest area was sensitive to the change of soil condition caused by the logging or the plowing. These results suggest that the natural or artificial change of soil property affects the formation of nitric acid and caused environmental change in downstream area through streams.