Production of allelochemics by plant tissue culture and development of these subsutances

荆芥在根状茎和根中含有高水平的聚乙炔、顺式脱氢荆酯（顺式- dme）、反式脱氢荆酯（反式- dme）、顺式荆酯（顺式-me）、反式荆酯（顺式- le）、甲基10-[(2)-2-甲基-2-丁烯酰氧基]-(2Z, 8Z)- 2,8 -癸烯- 4,6 -二乙酸酯，作为化感物质。它们的物质抑制其他植物的生长。研究了用植物组织培养法制备它们的物质和开发它们的除草剂物质。物质的提取和结晶：用甲醇提取根茎和根的干粉。甲醇提取物采用柱层析分离。根据分析结果，得到了两种红色晶体，经1H-NMR确证为反式二甲醚和顺式二甲醚。此外，甲基10-[(2)-2-甲基-2-丁烯酰氧基]-(2Z, 8Z)- 2,8 -十烯- 4,6 -二乙酸酯也被核磁共振光谱识别，但不能作为化合物分离。毛状根的诱导和增殖：用根农杆菌菌株ATCC15834接种绝育植株，形成毛状根。出现了许多不定根，但没有增加。这些不定根在Murashige和Skoog （MS）或Gamborg的基础培养基上培养，添加赤霉素或萘乙酸（NAA），但未生长。因此，是否为毛状根是无法检验的。愈伤组织的诱导和增殖：将幼苗的上胚轴培养在含有1ppm 2、4D和2ppm苄腺苷的MS基培养基上，诱导出愈伤组织。在MS基础培养基中添加1ppm NAA和1ppm动蛋白，诱导愈伤组织生长良好。愈伤组织培养4周后，cis-DME含量为微量水平。野生植物根状茎和根中物质的产生：猜测野生植物根状茎和根中物质的产生随生长期的不同而不同，然后从5月到12月每月调查一次顺式二甲醚的含量。从检查结果来看，10 ~ 11月是一年中最高的月份，是5月最低的15倍。少

Solidago altissima contains high levels of the poliacetylenes, cis-dehydromatricaria ester (cis-DME), trans-dehydromatricaria ester (trans-DME), cis-matricaria ester (cis-ME), trans-matricaria ester (trans-ME), cis-Lachnophyllum ester (cis-LE), methyl 10-[(2)-2-methyl-2-butenoyloxy]-(2Z, 8Z)-2, 8-decadiene-4, 6-diynoate, as allelopathic substances in the rhizomes and roots. Their substances inhibit growth of another plants. We studied to product their substances by plant tissue culture and to develop their substances for herbicide.1. Extract and crystallize of substances : Dried powder of the rhizomes and roots were extracted with methanol. Methanol extract was separated by column chromatography. On the result of analysis, two red color crystals, which were confirmed trans-DME and cis-DME by 1H-NMR spectrometry, were obtained. And also, methyl10-[(2)-2-methyl-2-butenoyloxy]-(2Z, 8Z)-2, 8-decadiene-4, 6-diynoate was recognized by ^1H-NMR spectrometry but it could not be separated as cry … More stal.2. Induce and increase of hairy roots : Hairy roots of this plant were initiated with sterilized plantlets inoculated with Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain ATCC15834. Many adventitious roots emerged, but they did not increased. These adventitious roots were cultivated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) or Gamborg's basal medium, added gibberellin or naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) but they did not grow. Therefore, whether they were hairy roots or not could not be examined.3. Induce and increase of callus : When the epicotyl of seedling was cultivated on MS basal medium containing 1 ppm 2, 4D and 2ppm benzyladenine, callus were induced. Induced callus very much grew with MS basal medium added 1ppm NAA and 1ppm kinetin. Amount of cis-DME in callus cultivated for 4 weeks was trace level.4. Production of substances in the rhizomes and roots of wild plants : It was guessed that production of substances in the rhizomes and roots of wild plants differ from growth period and then amount of cis-DME in them were investigated once a month from May to December. The results of examination, its amount was highest on October to November in a year whose amounts showed 15th times than lowest on May. Less