Application Study on Bio-energy of Wood Residues and Livestock-Wastes for Carbon Circulation and Water Environment Preservation in Japanese Local Towns

生物能源有望成为应对全球警告和化石燃料枯竭的能源之一。在欧洲，生物质能源发电系统和供热系统非常发达。二战后，随着日本种植园面积的扩大，植树造林已发展到位于当地城镇的山区，种植园面积占日本总面积的三分之一以上。目前需要对其进行疏伐和处理，但由于原木利用率低、价格低等原因，疏伐和处理还不够充分。在当地城镇，畜禽粪便对水质的污染已经成为一个严重的问题。在全球变暖、化石燃料枯竭和水环境保护等新的解决方案的要求下，地方城镇的持续发展变得格外重要和必要。本项目的目的是寻求BIO…的适用性通过木材残渣(包括间伐原木)和畜禽废弃物提供的更多能源进入日本当地城镇，实现了二氧化碳循环和水环境保护。在研究期间，先后到日本和其他国家，即瑞典、德国、瑞士、阿斯托里亚和新西兰，以及冈山、宫崎市、岩手县和北海道进行了多次考察。国外考察的重点是木材生产和处理活动，木材和木屑作为生物能源的收集和利用方法，燃料成本和燃料价格的征收，以及城镇的生物质能源系统。在此基础上，我们认识了从森林到最终用户的整个木材生物质利用系统。为开发以畜禽废弃物为燃料的蒸汽发电系统，进行了内沸腾炉内自由板燃烧特性的实验和理论研究。并对木材废弃物与畜禽废弃物混烧的情况进行了分析。结果表明，炉膛内燃气完全燃烧，使炉膛保持高温。日本宫崎县大东县日田市对木材废弃物和畜禽废弃物的利用进行了试验分析。和北海道的阿肖罗镇。在所有情况下，生物质能源都有足够的存在，可以创建新的生物质能源供应系统，并且其适用性得到了足够的认可。我们在大分县日田市举办了研讨会。(2000年7月)和北海道阿肖罗镇(2002年1月)。共有400多名市民参加了这些研讨会。研究报告分别于2000年12月和2002年3月发表。较少

Bioenergy is expected to become one of the energy resources to cope with global warning and exhaustion of fossil fuels. In Europe, the electricity power generation system and the heat supply system by bioenergy resources is very developed.As the plantation area has expanded after World War II in Japan, afforestation has progressed to mountainous regions located in local towns and the plantation area occupies more than one-third of the whole area of Japan. Recently the thinning and treatment for it are needed, but they are not executed enough by the reasons of low utility and low-price of logs. And it is added ; in the local towns the pollution of the water quality by the livestock-wastes bccome to be serious problem. The continuance of the local towns become strictly important and necessary with requirement of new solution fiom the viewpoint of global warning, exhaustion of fossil fuels and water environment preservation.The objective of this project is to seek the applicability of bio … More energy by wood residues (included the thinned logs) and the livestock wastes realizing the CO2 circulation and water environment preservation into Japanese local towns.In the study periods, several study trips were conducted in Japan and foreign countries, that is Sweden, Germany, Switzerland, Astoria and New Zealand, and Okayama, Miyazaki, Iwate prefecture and Hokkaido. The focuses of the study trips in the foreign countries were followings ; wood production and treatment activities, collecting and using methods of wood and wood residues as bioenergy resources, collecting cost of fuel and its price for fuel and the Biomass energy system in the town. From these we recognized the whole wood biomass utilization system from forest to end-user.The experimental and theoretical studies on combustion characteristics in a free board of an internal fluidized-bed fumace for development of steam-driven power generating system-using livestock-wastes as fuel were conducted. And the co-firing with wood waste and livestock waste was analyzed. The results show that the fuel gases are completely burned in the furnace, maintaining the furnace at high temperatures.In Japan, the test analyses for wood waste and Livestock wastes utilization were conducted in Hita city, Ohita Pref., Miyazaki Pref. and Ashoro town in Hokkaido. In all cases the Biomass energy resources are existed enough to create the new energy supply system by biomass and its applicability's were recognized to be high sufficiently.We held the seminars in Hita city, Oita pref. (July 2000) and Ashoro town, Hokkaido (January 2002) for the citizens. Totally more than four hundreds citizens participated in these seminars. And the research reports are published in December 2000 and March 2002. Less