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Localized particle-like excitations in a gas discharge system and their dynamics

气体放电系统中的局域类粒子激发及其动力学

基本信息

批准号：
11837015
负责人：
NASUNO Satoru
金额：
$ 2.24万
依托单位：
Kyushu Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Systems driven out of equilibrium often show spontaneous organization of macroscopic structures from an initial featureless state ; these structures are found in diverse physical, chemical and biological systems in nature, and they are either globally distributed throughout the system or highly localized and particle like. Because such macroscopic structures are, in general, maintained by the balance between continuous supply of energy and/or materials to the system and its dissipation, Prigogine named them as 'dissipative structures' to distinguish it from microscopic 'equilibrium structures' such as crystals. Although dissipative structures share some features with equilibrium structures, the former is quite different from the latter in the point that the former is capable of showing a variety of dynamic behaviors that are never observed in the latter. Indeed, many nonequilibrium systems are known to exhibit complex evolution of globally distributed dissipative structures in one and … More two spatial dimensions and their dynamics has been extensively studied. Complex dynamics of one-dimensional localized dissipative structures has also been observed in many systems. But few examples are known for two-dimensional localized dissipative structures, and little is known about their behaviors.We find that highly localized, dynamic particle-like excitations are self-organized in a d.c.-driven, quasi two-dimensional gas-discharge system. These localized excitations (spots) exhibits quite irregular motion even when a single spot is present, and form either isolated or aggregated state when more than one spot is present, depending on the control parameter values. In aggregated state, they form a wandering molecule-like cluster, whose internal structure changes intermittently by rearranging mutual position of elements. The fact that these localized excitations can show synchronous dynamics even in distant places, together with recent theoretical studies, indicates that a global coupling plays an important role on the dynamics of such localized excitations. Less

被逐出平衡的系统通常表现出宏观结构从初始无特征状态的自发组织;这些结构存在于自然界中的各种物理、化学和生物系统中，它们要么在整个系统中全局分布，要么高度局部化和粒子状。由于这种宏观结构通常是由能量和/或物质的持续供应与耗散之间的平衡来维持的，因此普里高津将其命名为“耗散结构”，以区别于微观的“平衡结构”，如晶体。虽然耗散结构与平衡结构有一些共同的特征，但耗散结构与平衡结构的区别在于耗散结构能够表现出平衡结构中从未观察到的各种动力学行为。事实上，许多非平衡系统都表现出复杂的演化，全球分布的耗散结构，在一个和 ...更多信息两个空间维度及其动力学已经被广泛研究。一维局域耗散结构的复杂动力学在许多系统中也被观察到。但是二维局域耗散结构的例子很少，关于它们的行为也知之甚少。我们发现，高度局域化的动态类粒子激发是在一个d.c.驱动，准二维气体放电系统。这些局部激发（点）表现出相当不规则的运动，即使当一个单一的点是存在的，并形成隔离或聚集状态时，一个以上的点是存在的，这取决于控制参数值。在聚集状态下，它们形成一个游荡的分子状簇，其内部结构通过重新排列元素的相互位置而间歇性地变化。这些本地化的激发，即使在遥远的地方，可以显示同步动力学的事实，以及最近的理论研究，表明全球耦合起着重要的作用，这样的本地化激发的动力学。少